Why do people purchase health insurance? Many economists would answer that it permits purchasers to avoid risk of financial loss. This note suggests that health insurance is also demanded because it represents a mechanism for gaining access to health care that would otherwise be unaffordable. For example, although a US$300,000 procedure is unaffordable to a person with US$50,000 in net worth, access is possible through insurance because the annual premium is only a fraction of the procedure's cost. The value of insurance for coverage of unaffordable care is derived from the value of the medical care that insurance makes accessible. q

OBJECTIVE -The purpose of this study was to determine whether implementation of a multicomponent organizational intervention can produce significant change in diabetes care and outcomes in community primary care practices.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -This was a group-randomized, controlled clinical trial evaluating the practical effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention (TRANSLATE) in 24 practices. The intervention included implementation of an electronic diabetes registry, visit reminders, and patient-specific physician alerts. A site coordinator facilitated previsit planning and a monthly review of performance with a local physician champion. The principle outcomes were the percentage of patients achieving target values for the composite of systolic blood pressure (SBP) Ͻ130 mmHg, LDL cholesterol Ͻ100 mg/dl, and A1C Ͻ7.0% at baseline and 12 months. Six process measures were also followed.RESULTS -Over 24 months, 69,965 visits from 8,405 adult patients with type 2 diabetes were recorded from 238 health care providers in 24 practices from 17 health systems. Diabetes process measures increased significantly more in intervention than in control practices, giving net increases as follows: foot examinations 35.0% (P Ͻ 0.0.001); annual eye examinations 25.9% (P Ͻ 0.001); renal testing 28.5% (P Ͻ 0.001); A1C testing 8.1%(P Ͻ 0.001); blood pressure monitoring 3.5% (P ϭ 0.05); and LDL testing 8.6% (P Ͻ 0.001). Mean A1C adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidity decreased significantly in intervention practices (P Ͻ 0.02). At 12 months, intervention practices had significantly greater improvement in achieving recommended clinical values for SBP, A1C, and LDL than control clinics (P ϭ 0.002).CONCLUSIONS -Introduction of a multicomponent organizational intervention in the primary care setting significantly increases the percentage of type 2 diabetic patients achieving recommended clinical outcomes.

Resistance to methicillin in S. aureus was independently associated with increased costs. Effective antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention programs are needed to prevent these costly infections.

No abstract

Continued recruitment of additional volunteers can improve the likelihood of finding an HLA-matched donor, but will still leave significant numbers of patients of all racial/ethnic groups without a match. Efforts to improve donor availability (especially among minorities) and to increase the number of patients with access to the NMDP Registry may prove to be more cost-effective means of increasing transplants.