The energy transformation is changing the structure of the energy sector in Europe and Germany. In this paper the current structure of the energy sector is analysed both empirically as well as theoretically. Therefore, the authors have developed the business model framework for the energy transformation (BMFE). The framework is a synthesis of classical business model designs. An exhaustive survey of existing business models based on primary data collection and a literature review leads to 638 business models. Finally, 69 prototypical business models of the energy sector are the result of the classification of these business models. The information of the business models within the BMFE is applied to show the growing importance of value creation networks in energy industry. The work represents the current status of the business models in the energy sector.
AMIRIS is an agent-based model (ABM) to simulate electricity markets. The focus of this bottom-up model is on the business-oriented decisions of actors in the energy system. These actors are represented as prototypical agents in the model, each with own complex decisionmaking strategies. Inter alia, the bidding decisions are based on the assessment of electricity market prices and generation forecasts (Nitsch, Deissenroth-Uhrig, et al., 2021), and diverse actors deciding on different time scales may be modelled. In particular, the agents' behavior does not only reflect marginal prices, but can also consider effects of support instruments like market premia, uncertainties and limited information, or market power (Frey et al., 2020). This allows assessing which policy or market design is best suited to an economic and effective energy system (Torralba-Díaz et al., 2020). The simulations generate results on the dispatch of power plants and flexibility options, technology-specific market values, development of system costs or CO2 emissions. One important output of the model are simulated market prices (Deissenroth et al., 2017).
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