Fertilization is one of the efforts made to add nutrients in the soil and can increase plant growth and yield. Currently, organic fertilizers based on local resources have been developed considering the negative impact of excessive inorganic use. The use of fertilizers made from local resources in Merauke Regency is important to develop and study its potential. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential combination of organic fertilizer content based on sago dregs. The study lasted for 1 month with organic fertilizer fermentation carried out at the Agrotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Musamus University and the nutrient levels of organic fertilizers in the form of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, pH, and water content were analyzed at the Biotrope Laboratory. The treatment in this study consisted of various organic materials in Merauke Regency with the main ingredients of sago dregs, namely lamtoro leaves + pig manure (P1), sago dregs + pig manure (P2), sago dregs + lamtoro leaves (P3), sago dregs + lamtoro leaves. + pig dung (P4), sago dregs + chicken manure (P5) and sago dregs + cow dung (P6). The treatment used a ratio of 2:1 (v/v) on each composition of the treatment material. The results of the analysis show that the nutrient content of organic fertilizer based on sago dregs varies depending on the composition of the material and has the potential to be used to increase crop production. The highest nitrogen, C/N and C-Organic levels were obtained in the treatment of sago dregs + pig manure, the highest phosphorus content was obtained in the treatment of sago dregs + chicken and the highest potassium was found in the composition of lamtoro leaf compost + pig manure.
Mengembangkan pertanian organik perlu memperhatikan beberapa aspek antara lain kesehatan dan kesuburan tanah, keseimbangan organisme di alam serta dapat memperbaiki kualitas tanaman namun tetap mempertahankan nilai produksi suatu komoditi tanpa menggunakan bahan kimia sintetis. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan kelompok tani di Kampung Yasa Mulya, Distrik Tanah Miring, Merauke tentang pentingnya mengenal hama, musuh alami tanaman padi serta dapat menggunakan bahan tanaman sebagai bahan insektisida nabati. Metode observasi dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang teknik budidaya padi yang diterapkan dan masalah yang dihadapi petani. Selanjutnya dilakukan sosialisasi kepada kelompok tani tentang hama, penyakit, musuh alami serta pelatihan pembuatan insektisida nabati. Tahap evalusi dilakukan melalui hasil uji coba yang telah dilakukan oleh petani. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan sosialisasi diketahui bahwa perilaku petani dalam mengaplikasikan pestisida didasarkan pada pemahaman sendiri, pengalaman teman atau saudara serta kekhawatiran akan gagal panen. Persentase biaya yang dikeluarkan petani untuk membeli pestisida sampai dengan 80%. Selain itu, belum pernah dilakukan tindakan pengendalian lain seperti memanfaatkan bahan-bahan alami atau menggunakan entomopatogen.selain menggunakan pestisida sintetik.
Turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) and lemongrass (Cymbopongon nardus) is a spice plants that are used as ingredients for making traditional medicines and have high population. The research aimed to toxicity test of turmeric rhizome and lemongrass extracts as botanical insecticide against Spodoptera exiqua mortality. Tested using four concentrations and three times repeats. The concentration for extracts same is 25 gram/ 500 ml in water, 50 gram/ 500 ml in water, 75 gram/ 500 ml in water, 100 gram/500 ml in water. The result showed the toxicity test for both extracts cause mortality 43.33% from concentration 75 gram/500 ml in water.
Buah rambutan merupakan salah satu tanaman buah lokal Kabupaten Merauke. Tanaman buah ini dihasilkan di beberapa daerah antara lain daerah Muting, Ulilin, dan Bupul. Hasil produksi tanaman buah rambutan ini diekspor ke beberapa daerah di sekitar kota Merauke seperti Kabupaten Boven Digoel, Kabupaten Mappi, Kabupaten Asmat. Peningkatan jumlah produksi buah rambutan dapat dilakukan dengan cara menjaga agar pohon rambutan tidak terinfeksi hama atau penyakit. Yang mana sejak dini petani harus selalu waspada untuk mengenali hama dan jenis penyakit pada rambutan. Hal ini perlu dilakukan agar tidak terjadi ledakan hama, atau penyakit pada tanaman yang berujung pada berkurangnya jumlah produksi buah. Selama ini petani mengenali jenis penyakit pada tanaman rambutan secara visual atau langsung yaitu dengan mengamati perubahan yang terjadi pada tanaman. Ini membutuhkan waktu dan tenaga tidak sedikit untuk dapat secara intens mengamati perubahan pada tanaman rambutan. Sehingga perlu penelitian untuk membangun aplikasi yang dapat mendeteksi penyakit pada tanaman rambutan. Aplikasi ini mengklasifikasi daun rambutan ke dalam 4 kelas yaitu, kelas daun sehat, kelas penyakit embun jelaga, kelas hama kutu putih, dan kelas hama ulat. Daun rambutan yang diinput akan diproses melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu, pre processing, tahap segmentasi, tahap ekstraksi fitur, dan terakhir tahap klasifikasi penyakit menggunakan metode fuzzy knearest neighbour. Hasilnya aplikasi yang dibangun dapat mengklasifikasikan penyakit pada rambutan dengan tingkat akurasi sebesar 67%.
Application synthetic insecticide with high frequency and continuously can give to negative impact. Alternative control which secures is botanical insecticide. This research aimed to effectiveness tests of P. methysticum plant against C. pavonana larvae using root and leaves this plant. The tested insecticide activity including mortality and feeding inhibition tests. The extract was tested at five concentration levels and repeated five times. The results showed that P. methysticum root extract was able to cause C. pavonana larvae mortality of 94% with a concentration of 419.7 gram/100 ml in water meanwhile, the testing using leaves extract causes mortality 98% from concentration 342 gr/100 ml in water. The feeding inhibition test showed the P. methysticum roots extract give effect with very weak criteria at some concentrations used a no choice method while Leaves extract P. methysticum does not show feeding inhibition.
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