The manual technique employed in this study produced cleaner root canal walls than the rotary ProFile technique.

The aim of this study was to assess the perceived beneits of video-mediated demonstrations in learning endodontics. Participants in the study were 75 third-year students enrolled in the undergraduate dentistry program at Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. After the endodontic preclinical course, the students were introduced to the treatment protocol in the clinic by watching two live patient-demonstrated videos. The irst video demonstrated how to communicate with the patient and perform diagnosis and root canal instrumentation. The second video illustrated how to perform bacterial sampling and root canal illing. After the students watched each video, a questionnaire was used to evaluate their opinions about various steps of the endodontic treatment protocol and the beneit of such educational material for their practice. Of the total 75 students, 72 completed the irst questionnaire (96% response rate), and 65 completed the second questionnaire (87% response rate). The results showed that the students perceived high value in the video demonstrations related to treatment procedure. A statistically signiicant difference was observed between the perceived beneits of the irst and second sessions in communication and treatment procedure (p<0.001). Further studies are needed to assess improvement in the design and delivery format for video demonstrations to enhance their effectiveness as a teaching modality for endodontics.