In order to characterize the ecosystems of fruit trees of the West Region of Santa Catarina State in relation to the Tephritidae species from twelve different fruit species grown in orchards located in four counties (Chapecó, Cunha Porã, São Carlos and Xanxerê), McPhail traps, baited with glucose 10%, were used to sample flies, from October 1998 to September 2000. To characterize the faunistic fruit flies populations of each county, the abundance index, constancy, dominance and frequency of fruit flies population were analyzed. A total of 8,393 specimens of fruit flies were collected, belonging to 20 species in seven genera. In Chapecó, 17 fruit flies were sampled, corresponding to an index of diversity of 2.0, followed by Cunha Porã with ten species and an index of 1.5. In Xanxerê the index was 1.1 to eight species. The smallest index was found in São Carlos (0.9), to seven species. Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) was found accidental in almost all the orchards, with exception to one orange orchard in São Carlos, where it was accessory. Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied.
ABSTRACT. Population fluctuation of Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Tephritidae) in the Western Region of Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Fruit flies are the major pests in fruit orchards and require a frequent insecticide aplication control, which increases production cost and chemical residues in fruits. Adults of Anastrepha fraterculus were sampled from twelve peach, plum, orange, tangerine and acid lime orchards in four counties in the Western Region of Santa Catarina. Modified McPhail plastic traps, baited with glucose 10%, were used to collect the flies from October 1998 to September 2000. Trap monitoring, bait replacement and fruit flies sorting by species and sex were done weekly. A total of 4,164 specimens of A. fraterculus was collected and highest population was registered in the county of Chapecó (64,8% of all sampled flies). Adults were collected all year long, with the highest population peaks occurring from December and January, although the fluctuation was different for each fruit species due to their particular phenology and in different years. Positive correlation among temperature, atmospheric humidity and population levels of adults of A. fraterculus was observed. According to the degree days obtained for each year, 4851.9, 4632.9 and 4983.7, respectively in 1998, 1999 and 2000, it was established that A. fraterculus could present an average of 11.2 generations a year.
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