The metabolism of vitamin D is a very important pathway involved in the regulation of sterols and maintenance of cell health. The physiological activity of the human hormone 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, or calcitriol, is mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR), an endocrine member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that inhibits cell growth and stimulates cell differentiation, suggesting a potential application in cancer chemoprevention. Since nonpolar extracts obtained from Ganoderma mushrooms have also been shown to exert an antiproliferative effect on several cancer cell lines, it was suggested that at least part of its activity might be mediated by VDR. The aim of this work was to identify possible VDR ligands from an extensive library of lanostanoids isolated from several Ganoderma mushrooms. Using an in silico approach, 30 lanostanoids were found to interact with the VDR ligand-binding pocket in the same way as calcitriol. The possible implications of using these compounds are discussed here.
Palabras clave: exposición ocupacional, partículas de madera en interiores, elaboración de violines RESUMENEl objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar el riesgo por la exposición a polvos de madera en los talleres de construcción de instrumentos musicales de cuerda frotada, de la Escuela de Laudería del Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes y Literatura, México, pues dicha exposición está asociada con enfermedades alérgicas y no alérgicas como dermatitis, conjuntivitis-rinitis, asma, alveolitis alérgica extrínseca y cáncer, entre otras. Se analizó la cantidad de partículas de madera iguales o menores a 2.5 μm presentes en el aire del interior de tres talleres de construcción de instrumentos. Asimismo, se realizaron dos análisis gravimétricos: uno por cuatro días en ciclos de 24 h en tres talleres y otro durante 10 días en ciclos de 4 h en tres talleres. Los resultados gravimé-tricos evidencian que la concentración de polvos de madera en el aire del interior de los talleres estudiados supera las normas nacionales, así como algunas internacionales. Lo anterior se manifiesta con malestares y síntomas expresados por los usuarios de los talleres de construcción de instrumentos musicales. Adicionalmente, se realizó una encuesta sobre la percepción pública de la contaminación del aire del interior con énfasis en los efectos de los polvos de madera sobre la salud, que fue aplicada a los alumnos y profesores de la institución.Key words: occupational exposure, indoor wood dust, violin maker ABSTRACTThe aim of this work was to identify the risk of exposure to wood dust in workshops of musical instruments, at Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes y Literatura's Violin Making School, Mexico, since such exposure is associated to allergic and non-allergic diseases, such as dermatitis, conjunctivitis-rhinitis, asthma, extrinsic allergic alveolitis and cancer, among others. The amount of particles equal to or less than 2.5 μm present in the air of three workshops of musical instruments was analyzed. Two gravimetric Rev. Int.
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