The performance of bean lines brought forth in breeding programs or of cultivars in use can be affected by environmental variability. The adaptability and stability of grain yield of 18 common bean cultivars and lines in 23 environments (combinations of seasons, years and locations) were evaluated in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. 'IAC-Carioca' and 'IAC-Carioca Eté' were used as standard cultivars for the carioca grain type, while 'FT-Nobre' and 'IAC-Una' represented the standard for black grains. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with four replications and plots consisting of two, two central five meters rows flanked by border rows. Stability parameters were estimated by the methods Maximum Yield Deviations (MYD) and by the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis (AMMI). For the identification of the most stable cultivars, the two methods led to consistent results, although by MYD the highest stability was always associated to the highest yield. 'MAC-733327' and 'LP 9637' were the most suitable cultivars and lines for the joint seasons, while 'LP 9637' and 'FT-Nobre' were the most suitable for the dry season. The MYD method combined a simple procedure, easiness of result interpretation, uniqueness of parameters, and association between stability and yield. On the other hand, the AMMI method simplified the identification of stable cultivars by visual inspection, also providing information on the environments. However, the complex nature which combines uni-and multivariate techniques hampers its widespread use in breeding programs.
(1) SÉRGIO AUGUSTO MORAIS CARBONELL (2,6) ; JOAQUIM ADELINO DE AZEVEDO FILHO (3) ; LUIZ ANTÔNIO DOS SANTOS DIAS (4,6) ; CHARLESTON GONÇALVES (2,5) ; CAMILA BIANCHINI ANTONIO (2,5) RESUMOAvaliaram-se a adaptabilidade e a estabilidade de produção de 12 cultivares e linhagens de feijoeiro em 24 ambientes (combinações de épocas de plantio, anos e locais de cultivo), no Estado de São Paulo, bem como a eficiência de dois métodos de análise de estabilidade e adaptabilidade. As cultivares IAC-Carioca e IAC-Una foram utilizadas como padrões de grão tipo carioca e preto respectivamente. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos completos casualizados, com quatro repetições e parcelas de quatro linhas de 5 m de comprimento, com as duas centrais como parcela útil. Os métodos utilizados para a avaliação dos parâmetros de adaptabilidade, propostos por Cruz e colaboradores e Lin e Binns, modificados por Carneiro, produziram resultados discrepantes. De acordo com os resultados do primeiro método, as cultivares Rudá, Gen12, IAC-Carioca Eté e FT-Bonito podem ser indicadas para plantio em vários ambientes devido à adaptação ampla. Quanto à adaptabilidade a ambientes específicos, as cultivares mais estáveis foram FT-Nobre, FT-Bonito e Rudá (águas); Rudá, IAC-Carioca Eté e Gen12 (seca); Pérola, FT-Bonito e Gen12 (inverno). Pelo segundo método, entretanto, identificaram-se as cultivares mais estáveis e responsivas, as quais foram consideradas, também, como as mais produtivas. Esse segundo método reuniu eficiência, simplicidade, unicidade de parâmetros e facilidade de interpretação dos resultados. Diante disso, sugere-se que a seleção e a recomendação de cultivares mais produtivas, estáveis e responsivas, tanto para adaptação ampla quanto para a específica, sejam orientadas por sua aplicação. Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris L., adaptabilidade, estabilidade, recomendação de cultivares, produtividade. ABSTRACT YIELD STABILITY AND ADAPTABILITY OF COMMON BEANS CULTIVARS AND LINES IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZILTwelve common beans cultivars and lines were evaluated in São Paulo State, Brazil according to 24 environments (growing season, years and locations). The yield stability and adaptability were determined by two methods of analysis and their efficiency evaluated. IAC-Carioca and IAC-Una cultivars were used as standards for grain types carioca and black, respectively. For each environment the experiment was set up in randomized complete block design with four replications, each of them consisting of two central lines of five long flanked by two border lines. Stability and adaptability were Bragantia, Campinas, 60(2), [69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] 2001 ( 1 ) Recebido para publicação em 5 de janeiro e aceito em 11 de julho de 2001. estimated using two methods, Cruz and colleagues, modified by Carneiro. The results indicated that Rudá, Gen12, IAC-Carioca Eté and FT-Bonito cultivars are recommended for planting in several environments, due to their wide adaptability. Considering the adaptability to specific env...
RESUMO ABSTRACT PERFORMANCE OF MAIZE TOP CROSS HYBRIDS FROM S 3 LINES IN THREE ENVIRONMENTS IN SÃO PAULO STATEThe present work aimed to evaluate the performance end high parent heterosis of 27 hybrids of partially endogamic lines (S 3 ) obtained from commercial hybrids, using top cross squemes with testers (IA 33). Also, the general combining ability (GCA) of the lines was evaluated. The 27 top cross hybrids, two commercial checks and the tester were evaluated by complete block design with three replications, in two years (2005/2006 e 2006/2007), and three locations (Campinas, Mococa and Palmital) of São Paulo State. The evaluated traits were: plant height (AP), ear height (AE), percentage of broken and loged plant (AC+Q), ear yield (PE) and grain yield corrected of 14% moisture (PG). Top cross hybrids of high yield performance that outperformed or did not differ from the commercial check were observed. Therefore top cross hybrids with high yield performance and with advantage of small production cost were identified. Also line S 3 with high value of GCA were observed.
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