Backgrounds/Aims
Contact sports present intense physical contact, and usually, players have a high risk for dentofacial injuries. It is unclear how often these injuries occur and which contact sports present the highest rates. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dentofacial injuries among contact sports participants.
Methods
A literature search was performed in seven electronic databases (Embase, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus, SportDiscus, and Web of Science). The gray literature (Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and ProQuest), as well as the reference lists of included studies, was assessed. Experts were consulted to indicate additional studies. The eligible studies were observational studies that contained details of the contact sports participants who were aged over 18 years old, either professional or not, who sustained at least one dentofacial injury in the past, the number of sustained injuries, and studies which provided quantitative data on the characteristics of the dentofacial injuries, such as type and site. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data.
Results
Among 1152 identified studies, 17 articles remained for final analysis. One study was classified as high risk of bias, 14 studies as moderate, and two as low risk. The overall prevalence of dentofacial injuries was 27.57% (95% CI: 17.87‐38.47). The prevalence in each sport was rugby 37.36% (95% CI: 17.45‐59.82), basketball 27.26% (95% CI: 9.45‐50.08), handball 24.59% (95% CI: 14.88‐35.83), and field hockey 19.07% (95% CI: 6.82‐35.62). The most common injury was dental injury 19.61% (95% CI: 8.13‐34.56).
Conclusion
The overall prevalence of dentofacial injuries among collective contact sports participants was approximately 30%. The most common injury presented was dental injury.
Objective
To assess the prevalence of oral mucosal disorders during pregnancy.
Methods
Observational studies were selected by two reviewers in a two‐phase process. Search strategies were applied at CINAHL, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and ProQuest. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Synthesis of results was calculated by the software R Statistics version 3.5.1 (The R Foundation, Vienna, Austria). Confidence in cumulative evidence was assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria.
Results
Fifteen studies met the eligibility criteria and were selected for qualitative synthesis and meta‐analysis, of which 5935 participants were enrolled. The overall prevalence of oral mucosal disorders was 11.8%. Gingival hyperplasia (17.1%), morsicatio buccarum (10%), oral candidiasis (4.4%), pyogenic granuloma (3%), and benign migratory glossitis (2.8%) were the most prevalent lesions. The overall risk of bias was considered moderate, and the quality of evidence was very low.
Conclusion
Disorders of the oral mucosa were present in approximately 1 out of 10 pregnant women. Gingival hyperplasia was the most prevalent lesion. Further studies should apply homogeneous methodology to improve the quality of evidence.
A osteomielite dos maxilares é uma infecção que acomete, principalmente, pacientes portadores de comorbidades. Tabagismo e higiene bucal precária são fatores de risco. Fraturas mandibulares patológicas decorrem da fragilidade óssea remanescente após o tratamento de alguma patologia intraóssea. Assim, o objetivo do presente artigo foi relatar um caso de tratamento cirúrgico de osteomielite mandibular, em um paciente do sexo masculino, 64 anos de idade, tabagista, que compareceu à emergência do Hospital de Clínicas de Passo Fundo/RS, com queixa de dor e aumento de volume mandibular. Ao exame físico, observou-se abaulamento na região mentual direita, consistência endurecida, hiperemia local, drenagem purulenta intrabucal no rebordo alveolar inferior, e higiene bucal precária. Prescreveu-se anti-bioticoterapia, realizou-se procedimento cirúrgico para curetagem óssea mandibular e envio do conteúdo para exame anatomopatológico. Os achados confirmaram o diagnóstico de osteomielite supurativa crônica. O paciente retornou à consulta pós-operatória com queixa de dor e mobilidade na área operada. Evidenciou-se, ao exame físico, crepitação mandibular, e um novo exame de imagem confirmou o diagnóstico de fratura patológica. Realizou-se novo procedimento cirúrgico para ressecção parcial mandibular e estabilização da fratura com placa de reconstrução, com a utilização de protótipo de mandíbula impresso, para a customização pré-operatória da placa. O procedimento não teve intercorrências. Uma nova tomografia evidenciou a placa de reconstrução e os parafusos em posição. A sequência de tratamento se daria com novo procedimento cirúrgico para reabilitação oral. Pode-se concluir que o pós-operatório de sequestrectomias e curetagens com ampla remoção de tecido mineralizado requer cuidados com dieta, medicação e acompanhamento pós-operatório rigoroso, pois fraturas patológicas não são incomuns.
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