Background: Pericallosal artery aneurysms, from A2 to A5 segments of anterior cerebral artery, are uncommon (literature states 2.3-9.2% of brain aneurysms). They have a high mortality rate and tend to rupture easily during exposure. This study was done with the intention of pointing out the described presentations of pericallosal artery aneurysms. Materials and Methods: A systematic review related to pericallosal artery aneurysm was performed in the PubMed, MedLine (Ebsco), LILACS and Scielo databases, using as keywords: “pericallosal artery”, “distal anterior cerebral artery” and “aneurysm”. Results: Pericallosal artery aneurysms are present mainly in patients over 50 years of age (2.1:1 female to male). In younger patients (less than 20 years old) the seizure is the most frequent symptom, while in adults (20-59 years old) it is the thunderclap headache. They commonly present with Hunt & Hess Grade (HH) II. However, 69% presented subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), presenting mainly with Fisher 4, which increases the chance of vasospasms. Conclusion: Thus, although the distal anterior cerebral artery (pericallosal) aneurysms display common symptoms, they usually have severe bleeding. Nonetheless, more studies are needed to analyze the epidemiological, demographic and clinical aspects of the pericallosal artery aneurysms
Introduction: Granulomatous inflammation tries to isolate and control a foreign substance considered hard to eliminate. Intramedullary granulomas are rare, but some can be deadly. Objective: To point out the initial reports, differential diagnosis and prognosis of these lesions. Material and Methods: A systematic review related to granulomatous spinal lesions was performed in the PubMed, MedLine (EBSCO), LILACS and Scielo database using the keywords “granulomatous”, “granuloma” and “intramedullary”. Results: intramedullary granulomatous lesions most commonly are present in the thoracic spine (80% of cases). The most frequent cause of the lesion was tuberculosis, followed by sarcoidosis. Improvement of the symptoms was found in 78%, almost two thirds of this total. Most cases were treated with surgery and medication with 47% of total improvement of symptoms. Sixty seven percent of patients treated only with medications were fully recovered. None of the four patients that were submitted only to surgery fully recovered. Conclusion: Given the most frequent causes are tuberculosis and sarcoidosis, it is suggested to always investigate them. Although the combined treatment was the most used, the drug alone showed greater outcomes. However, more studies are needed to make it possible to confirm the efficacy of those treatments.
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