Introduction. Bipolar disorder (BD) implies risk of suicide. The age at onset (AAO) of BD carries prognostic significance. Substance abuse may precede the onset of BD and cannabis is the most common illicit drug used. The main goal of this study is to review the association of cannabis use as a risk factor for early onset of BD and for suicide attempts. Materials and Methods. PubMed database was searched for articles using key words “bipolar disorder,” “suicide attempts,” “cannabis,” “marijuana,” “early age at onset,” and “early onset.” Results. The following percentages in bipolar patients were found: suicide attempts 3.6–42%; suicide attempts and substance use 5–60%; suicide attempts and cannabis use 15–42%. An early AAO was associated with cannabis misuse. The mean age of the first manic episode in individuals with and without BD and cannabis use disorder (CUD) was 19.5 and 25.1 years, respectively. The first depressive episode was at 18.5 and 24.4 years, respectively. Individuals misusing cannabis showed increased risk of suicide. Discussion. Cannabis use is associated with increased risk of suicide attempts and with early AAO. However, the effect of cannabis at the AAO and suicide attempts is not clear.
Filamentous fungi able to hydrolyse inulin have been isolated from the rhizosphere of plants whose roots contain this polysaccharide. This study reports results concerning the isolation and identification of filamentous fungi from the soil used for sunflower cultivation and from the sunflower rhizosphere cultivated in field and in greenhouse. Fungi were evaluated according to their capacity to hydrolyse inulin and the variation in the diversity of these fungi during the plant's life cycle was also accessed. Forty-nine species of filamentous fungi were isolated. Penicillium and Aspergillus were the genera that presented higher number of species, nine and seven, respectively. At the end of the sunflower life cycle, cultivated both in field and in the greenhouse, a lower numbers of species were isolated. One hundred and fifty nine strains of filamentous fungi were isolated from soil and from the sunflower rhizosphere; from these, 79 (49.7%) were able to hydrolyse inulin. There was not significant difference in the proportion of species able to hydrolyse this polysaccharide during the sunflower's life cycle, in plants cultivated in field or in greenhouse. Although the sunflower's rhizosphere is a source of filamentous fungi able to hydrolyse inulin, that might be used in biotechnological processes. This system does not present a higher density of such microorganisms. Species of Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cunninghamella, Emericela, Eupenicillium, Fusarium, Myrothecium, Neosartorya, Neocosmospora, Penicillium and Thielavia are being related by first time as inulinase producers.
Objective: To access how individuals with and without bipolar disorder differ in the use of Facebook, using the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) as a screening instrument for Bipolar Disorder (BD). The bipolar spectrum group will be analyzed in another paper. Method: One questionnaire containing 54 questions about social and demographic variables, aspects of Facebook usage and the MDQ was applied. The sample consisted of 672 Facebook users. Participants were classified into three groups: 1-individuals with BD (n=73); 2-individuals without BD (n=402); 3-bipolar spectrum (subjects whose scores were not enough to fulfill the complete criteria for BD) (n=197). Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test (χ²) among the three groups. When this result was statistically significant, pairwise comparisons were performed using ANOVA (with Sheffé correction) tests. Bonferroni test was used to reduce type I error of multiple comparisons. This paper present differences between individuals with without BD. Results: Individuals with BD presented higher percentage than individuals without BD in the following aspects related to the use of Facebook: a) the amount of friends (more than 1,000 friends: 1=20.5%; 2=10.0%); b) the number of people excluded (excluded more than 30 friends: 1=24.7%; 2=14.4%) or blocked from their contacts (blocked more than 30: 1=5.5%; 2=1.7%); c) increased privacy exposure online (excessive exposure on the internet: 1=6.8%; 2=3.2%); d) problems in private life (1=52.1%; 2=19.4%); e) influences of emotional status on online behavior (1=65.8%; 2=41.5%); f) use when worried/anxious (1=49.3%; 2=29,4%). Conclusions: Individuals with BD are more sensitive, excluding and blocking more frequently and use the internet more often when they are more emotional.
O trabalho investiga, por meio da análise de três edições do quadro Habermas (2003), as categories of social life. In criticizing the illusion of fame for everyone propagated by realities shows, the study also makes use of the concepts of reality show and television entertainment from Andrejevic (2003) and Lacalle (2001), who blames attractions about reality of blurring the border demarcations between public and private. The research methodology adopted consists of analyzing the image as a narrative (Coutinho, 2006), which proposes a reflection of non-verbal records; even if they are submitted to the logic of the commodity and to an emptying of meaning.
ResumoO presente estudo apresenta as especificidades da EaD que se constituem em desafios para que essa modalidade de ensino se institucionalize nas Instituições de Ensino Superior. Realizou-se um levantamento dos gestores acadêmicos associados aos cursos de graduação em oferta na UFRN, traçando um perfil destes por meio da identificação dos cargos que exercem, unidades de lotação e tempo de serviço. O presente estudo assume uma natureza qualitativa, por meio de pesquisa participante, considerando tratar-se de amostra não probabilística intencional. Os resultados apontam que o processo de institucionalização ainda se encontra num estágio embrionário, embora se reconheçam os esforços dos gestores acadêmicos em compreender a importância da modalidade a distância no momento atual, com a inserção das tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Palavras-chave: Educação a Distância. Ensino Superior. Institucionalização. IntroduçãoA Educação a Distância (EaD) constitui, nos dias de hoje, uma realidade na qual as Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior estão inseridas. Com o desenvolvimento e aprimoramento de novas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), é possível estabelecer uma interação efetiva entre os sujeitos do processo de educação formativa, além de promover a disseminação de informações e, consequentemente, a construção coletiva do aprendizado por meio da mediação tecnológica.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.