The genus Caesalpinia (Caesalpiniaceae) has more than 500 species, many of which have not yet been investigated for potential pharmacological activity. Several classes of chemical compounds, such as flavonoids, diterpenes, and steroids, have been isolated from various species of the genus Caesalpinia. It has been reported in the literature that these species exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antiulcer, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antirheumatic activities that have proven to be efficacious in ethnomedicinal practices. In this review we present chemical and pharmacological data from recent phytochemical studies on various plants of the genus Caesalpinia.

1 Metabolomic to target insecticidal compounds ofBiomarkers of inseticidal propert against S. frugiperda Abstract Introduction: Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the main plagues of maize cultivation and it is resistant to the most used insecticides. Plants are important source of biopesticides due to their own mechanisms of interaction and diversified composition. Thus, fractions (hexane, acetate and hydro-ethanol ) of extracts from different parts of Caesalpinia pluviosa var. peltophoroides (Fabaceae) have their insecticidal activity investigated. Chemical composition of fractions were evaluated by UHPLC-HRFTMS, thereafter processed on MZmine 2.2 software and exported to do multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) -O2PLS-DA (SIMCA-P 13.0). The dereplication of compounds were performed using DNP © , Scifinder ® and our in house Caesalpinia database. Results and Discussion: Six fractions were inactive and five displayed pupal or larval mortality. The O2PLS-DA analysis found a clear separation of inactive and insecticidal group (R 2 = 0,72) and indicated the metabolites highly correlated with the insecticidal property (VIP>1.95): eugenyl vicianoside; gluconic acid lactone and gallic acid. Conclusions: Through metabolomic strategies was possible to dereplicate the compounds most correlated with insecticidal property and this knowledge can be very useful to development of new techniques to the crop pest control. Acknowledgements: FAPEMIG and CNPQ for the financial funding and the AsterBioChem for the UHPLC-HRMS analysis.

The essential oils from leaves and stem barks of Drimys brasiliensis Miers (Winteraceae), collected in July and December 2008, were analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The stem bark oils were composed mainly of monoterpenes (July, 45±3%; December, 92±4%), while the oils from leaves showed the predominance of sesquiterpenes (July, 47±1%; December, 55±1%). The variation in the relative amount of constituents could be associated, at least in part, to several microclimatic parameters such as precipitation, temperature and/or phenological state, which were different for each collection of D. brasiliensis.