To evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and its correlation with the severity of renal injury and proteinuria in dogs with leishmaniosis, sixty-six dogs were divided into two groups. Group 1 (G1) was composed of 54 dogs included in stage 1 of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and group 2 (G2) of twelve dogs in stages 2 and 3 of CKD. Prevalence of hypertension was 28.8%, comprising 22.2% of the dogs from G1 and 58.3% from G2 (P=0.011). The mean arterial blood pressure (BP) of dogs from G1 (135.7 ± 20.5) was lower than from G2 (170.0 ± 26.3) (P <0.001). Urine proteincreatinine ratio (UP/C) revealed values above 0.5 in 75.7% of the dogs, with 34% presenting hypertension. All dogs with hypertension had histopathological and laboratory evidence of glomerular disease. Although there was no statistically significant correlation between elevated BP and the severity of glomerular lesions (P=0.408), there was a statistically significant correlation between elevated BP and increased UP/C in the studied population (P=0.002). Thus, dogs with leishmaniosis and renal disease must be screened for the presence of hypertension so that treatment may be instituted as early as possible, in countries where treatment is allowed, to prevent the progression of renal damage.Keywords: Histopathology, kidney, Leishmania infantum chagasi, systolic blood pressure. ResumoPara avaliar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial e sua correlação com a severidade da lesão renal e proteinúria em cães com leishmaniose, 66 cães foram divididos em dois grupos. O grupo 1 (G1), composto por 54 cães em estágio 1 de doença renal crônica (DRC), e o grupo 2 (G2) por 12 cães em estágios 2 e 3 de DRC. A prevalência de hipertensão foi de 28,8%, compreendendo 22,2% dos cães de G1 e 58,3% dos cães de G2 (p = 0,011). A pressão arterial média (PA) de G1 (135,7 ± 20,5) foi inferior a de G2 (170,0 ± 26,3) (P <0,001). A relação proteína creatinina urinária (P/C U) foi maior que 0,5 em 75,7% dos cães, dos quais 34% possuíam hipertensão. Todos os cães com hipertensão apresentavam doença glomerular. Embora não tenha sido observada correlação estatisticamente significativa entre elevação da PA e severidade das lesões glomerulares (P =0,408), houve uma correlação significativa entre PA elevada e aumento da UP/C (P = 0,002). Portanto, cães com leishmaniose e doença renal devem ser pesquisados quanto à presença de hipertensão, para que o tratamento possa ser instituído o mais precocemente possível em países onde ele é permitido, para evitar a progressão da lesão renal.Palavras-chave: Histopatologia, rim, Leishmania infantum chagasi, pressão arterial sistólica.

The aim of this study was to detect the presence of IgG antibodies anti-Leishmania spp., Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in dogs from a Veterinary Hospital from Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Blood samples from 112 animals were obtained by jugular venipuncture to obtain sera. The samples were tested by indirect immunofluorescence to detect antibodies anti-Leishmania spp., anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii. Thirteen (11.61%), 25 (22.32%), and 57 (50.89%) samples were positive for Leishmania spp., N. caninum, and T. gondii, respectively. The co-presence of anti-Leishmania spp. and N. caninum was observed in 6 (5.36%), anti-Leishmania spp. and anti-T. gondii in 8 (14.7%), and anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii in 18 (16.07%) samples. The co-presence of anti-Leishmania spp., anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii was observed in 5 (4.46%) dogs. There was a higher prevalence of Leishmania in Toxoplasma and Neospora positive animals, however, these results were not statistically significant (range p = 0.052 p = 0.06). The dogs have an important role in the epidemiological cycle of these diseases, which are important in animal and public health. The northern state of Paraná is an endemic area for human cutaneous leishmaniasis, therefore, studies should be conducted to uncover the real role of dogs as reservoirs of Leishmania to humans in the state.

ResumoA anemia hemolítica imunomediada (AHIM) é um tipo comum de anemia em cães e gatos. A doença é mais comum em fêmeas caninas de meia-idade, especialmente Cocker Spaniel Americano. Os sinais clínicos estão associados com a anemia severa. Não há achados patognomônicos, mas a presença de anemia hemolítica em um cão jovem ou de meia idade, auto-aglutinação e esferócitos ou teste de Coombs positivo, eliminação de outros diagnósticos diferenciais e a resposta apropriada a terapia imunossupressora indicam AHIM. Apesar de inúmeras opções terapêuticas, os índices de mortalidade permanecem elevados. O objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar três casos graves de AHIM, ressaltando as modalidades terapêuticas e o prognóstico associado a elas. Palavras-chave: Anemia hemolítica imunomediada, tratamento, prognóstico, cães AbstractImmune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is a common type of anemia in dogs and cats. The disease é most common in middle-aged female dogs, especially American Cocker Spaniel. The clinical signs are associated with severe anemia. There is no pathognomonic test for IMHA, but the presence of hemolytic anemia in a young adult or middle age, autoagglutination and spherocytosis or positive results of Coombs test, elimination of any other underlying cause of anemia and an appropriate response to immunosuppressive therapy are suggestive of it. The aim of the present paper is to report of three cases of serious IMHA, and highlighting the therapeutic modalities and prognosis associated with them.