OBJETIVO: verificar se o enfermeiro consegue identificar as cinco fases do processo de morrer, descritas por Elizabeth Kübler-Ross, nos pacientes sob seus cuidados e que se encontram fora de possibilidades terapêuticas. MÉTODOS: foi questionado se percebem os sinais da comunicação não-verbal para prestar esse atendimento e fazer essa identificação. Os dados foram coletados em janeiro de 2004 por meio de entrevista individual, pré-agendada, com enfermeiros, em hospital público vinculado ao ensino na cidade de São Paulo. RESULTADOS: constatamos que 92% dos enfermeiros conseguiram identificar pelo menos uma das fases do processo de morrer na vivência com pacientes terminais, sendo citadas, em média, três. A aceitação (85%), a negação (69%) e a depressão (61%) são as mais freqüentemente percebidas. Verificamos o uso e entendimento da comunicação não-verbal na identificação das fases nas falas de 54% dos enfermeiros. CONCLUSÃO: os resultados também evidenciaram as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo enfermeiro quanto essa temática e, percebe-se que existe uma lacuna evidente entre a formação do profissional e a manutenção do seu treinamento e suporte na instituição de saúde.
Objective: to analyze the distribution of nursing professionals' workloads, according to the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC), during the transoperative period at a surgical center specializing in oncology. Methods: this was an observational and descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 11 nurses, 25 nursing technicians who performed a variety of roles within the operating room, 16 nursing technicians who worked with the surgical instrumentation and two nursing technicians from patient reception who worked in the surgical center during the transoperative period. An instrument was developed to collect data and the interventions were validated according to NIC taxonomy. Results: a total of 266 activities were identified and mapped into 49 nursing interventions, seven domains and 20 classes of the NIC. The most representative domains were Physiological-Complex (61.68%) and Health System (22.12%), while the most frequent interventions were Surgical Care (30.62%) and Documentation (11.47%), respectively. The productivity of the nursing team reached 95.34%. Conclusions: use of the Nursing Intervention Classification contributes towards the discussion regarding adequate, professional nursing staffing levels, because it shows the distribution of the work load.
Patient safety concerns in surgery are increasing. The frequency of surgery-related adverse events and errors is high, and most could be avoided. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) proposed the Universal Protocol (UP-JCAHO) for preventing wrong site, wrong procedure, and wrong person surgery. In Brazil, very few health-care institutions have adopted this Protocol. Thus, there is a need to improve its dissemination and assess its effectiveness. The aim of the present study was to report the experiences of the Sao Paulo State Cancer Institute (ICESP, acronym in Portuguese) in implementing the UP-JCAHO. The Protocol comprises three steps: pre-operative verification process, marking the operative site and Time out immediately before starting the procedure. The ICESP surgical center (SC) has been functioning since November 2008. The UP-JCAHO is applied to all surgeries. A total 1019 surgeries were performed up to June 2009. No errors or adverse events were registered. The implementation of the UP-JCAHO is simple. It can be a useful tool to prevent error and adverse events in SC.
Objective: To analyze the interventions performed by health professionals with a view to managing chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia. Method: Integrative literature review, the sample of 12 primary articles was selected from the following databases: LILACS, SciELO, BVS, PubMed, CINAHL and Web of Science. Results: There was a prevalence of studies, realized by doctors, focused on pharmacological treatment and on the association of methods for greater diagnostic accuracy of febrile neutropenia. A study was found on pharmaceutical management regarding antibiotic dosing efficacy and a study indicating that nurses could contribute to the identification of elderly patients who would benefit from prophylactic use of growth factor. Conclusion: There was a shortage of studies involving the participation of other health professionals, besides the doctors, and a knowledge gap regarding interprofessional practice in the management of interventions specific to their area of specialism, joint interventions and non-pharmacological interventions. Descriptors: Oncology; Hospital Oncology Service; Chemotherapy-Induced Febrile Neutropenia; Management; Patient Care Team. RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as intervenções realizadas por profissionais de saúde visando ao manejo da neutropenia febril induzida por Quimioterapia. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura cuja amostra de 12 artigos primários foi selecionada nas bases LILACS, SciELO, BVS, PubMed, CINAHL e Web of Science. Resultados: Constatou-se a prevalência de estudos, desenvolvidos por médicos, centrados no tratamento farmacológico e na associação de métodos para maior precisão diagnóstica da neutropenia febril. Encontrou-se um estudo sobre manejo farmacêutico relativo à eficácia de dosagem de antibióticos e um estudo indicando que os enfermeiros poderiam contribuir para a identificação de pacientes idosos que se beneficiariam com uso profilático de fator de crescimento. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se a escassez de estudos com a participação de outros profissionais de saúde, além dos médicos, e a lacuna de conhecimento quanto à prática interprofissional na condução de intervenções específicas a sua área de competência, intervenções conjuntas e intervenções não farmacológicas. Descritores: Oncologia; Serviço Hospitalar de Oncologia; Neutropenia Febril Induzida por Quimioterapia; Manejo; Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente. RESUMENObjetivo: Analizar las intervenciones realizadas por profesionales de salud visando el manejo de la neutropenia febril inducida por Quimioterapia. Método: Revisión integradora de la literatura cuya muestra de 12 artículos primarios fue seleccionada en las bases LILACS, SciELO, BVS, PubMed, CINAHL y Web of Science. Resultados: Se constató la prevalencia de estudios, desarrollados por médicos, centrados en el tratamiento farmacológico y en la asociación de métodos para mayor precisión diagnóstica de la neutropenia febril. Se encontró un estudio sobre manejo farmacéutico relativo a la eficacia del dosificación de antibióticos y un estudio indicando ...
Tiempo de asistencia de enfermería en la Unidad de CuidadosIntensivos: evaluación de los parámetros propuestos por la Resolución COFEN nº 293/04Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los parámetros establecidos por la Resolución COFEN 293/04, referencia para dimensionamiento de personal de enfermería en unidades de cuidados intensivos adultos (UCIA). La investigación se realizó en seis hospitales de la ciudad de São Paulo. La cantidad media diaria de profesionales necesarios para la asistencia al paciente se calculó de acuerdo a los parámetros establecidos por COFEN. Los resultados se compararon al cuantitativo diario de personal existente en estas Unidades.Se observó que las proporciones recomendadas por COFEN, categoría enfermera, son superiores a las utilizadas por los hospitales convirtiéndose desafío para la enfermería brasileña. Se encontró que los valores del tiempo medio de asistencia son adecuadas y representan importante referencia para el dimensionamiento del cuantitativo mínimo de profesionales en UCIA. Este estudio evidencia contribuciones para validación de los parámetros especificados en la Resolución COFEN 293/04, para el dimensionamiento del personal de enfermería en UCIA.
The aim of this study was to verify and describe the presence of microorganisms in the single-use trocar after its use in surgical procedures, and after this device was submitted to cleaning, conditioning, and sterilization by physicochemical processes (formaldehyde, ethylene oxide, and hydrogen peroxide plasma). Twenty-eight trocars of the Ethicon, Auto-suture, and Aesculap brands, were randomly selected and analyzed after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The results have shown that cultures grown of the material collected from the trocars, immediately after its use and before its sterilization process, showed the presence of bacteria and fungi in 46.5% (13). In 53.5% (15) of the trocars, the presence of microorganisms was not detected, very likely due to niche's scarcity. In the cultures grown of the 28 trocars after being submitted to sterilization processes, the presence of microorganisms was not verified. We can therefore conclude that although trocars possess compartments not easily accessed for cleaning, these devices can be adequately cleaned and effectively sterilized, when well manipulated, in the institution where the study was carried out by the processes of steam sterilization at low temperature and formaldehyde, ethylene oxide, and hydrogen peroxide plasma.
598 RESUMOEste estudo teve como obje vos iden fi car em um centro cirúrgico especializado em oncologia, as atividades de enfermagem realizadas no período transoperatório, classificar e validar as atividades em intervenções, segundo a Classifi cação das Intervenções de Enfermagem (NIC). O levantamento das a vidades foi realizado por meio dos registros e da observação direta da assistência de enfermagem, nos quatro turnos de trabalho. As atividades foram classifi cadas em intervenções de enfermagem da NIC u lizando-se a técnica mapeamento cruzado. O elenco de intervenções foi validado por profi ssionais de enfermagem, em ofi cinas de trabalho. Iden fi caram-se 49 intervenções: 34 de cuidados diretos e 15 de cuidados indiretos. O reconhecimento das intervenções de enfermagem permite medir o tempo despendido na sua execução, variável fundamental para quantificar e qualificar a carga de trabalho dos profissionais de enfermagem. DESCRITORES Centro Cirúrgico Hospitalar Oncologia Enfermagem oncológica Classifi cação ABSTRACTThis study was undertaken in a surgical center specializing in oncology, and it aimed to identify nursing activities performed during the perioperative period and to classify and validate intervention activities according to the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC). A survey of activities was conducted using records and by direct observation of nursing care across four shifts. Activities were classified as NIC nursing interventions using the cross-mapping technique. The list of interventions was validated by nursing professionals in workshops. Forty-nine interventions were identified: 34 of direct care and 15 of indirect care. Identifying nursing interventions facilitates measuring the time spent in their execution, which is a fundamental variable in the quantification and qualification of nurses' workloads. DESCRIPTORES INTRODUCTIONSpecifi c indicators are scarce for the scaling of professionals in surgical centers (SCs) during the periopera ve period. This study was proposed to contribute to designing an instrument that could list the interven ons and ac vi es undertaken by nursing professionals and allow for a more reliable quantification and qualification of the nursing human resources needed for pa ent care in the surgical center during the periopera ve period.To achieve these goals, it is necessary to determine the workload in the SC during the periopera ve period, and this load can be ascertained from the quan ty and type of interven on/nursing ac vi es performed by the nursing team and from the me spent developing the same.The iden fi ca on and valida on of interven ons/nursing ac vi es therefore cons tute the fi rst step toward more effi cient planning of human resources, allowing the me spent on these intervenons to be allocated and making it possible to propose workload indicators in the SC during the periopera ve period.The standard of nursing care during the periopera ve period is a direct refl ec on of human resources policy. In this sense, scaling of the nursing staff, in terms ...
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