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The cratonic blocks of South America have been accreted from 2.2 to 1.9 Ga, and all of these blocks have been previously involved in the assembly and breakup of the Paleoproterozoic Atlantica, the Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic Rodinia, and the Neoproterozoic to Phanerozoic West Gondwana continents. Several mineralization phases have sequentially taken place during Atlantica evolution, involving Au, U, Cr, W, and Sn. During Rodinia assembly and breakup and Gondwana formation, the crust-dominated metallogenic processes have been overriding, responsible for several mineral deposits, including

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a b s t r a c tThis paper aims at establishing a tectonic and temporal framework to characterize the metallogenic processes that contributed to the origin of the mineral provinces in the northern São Francisco Craton. Many Archean mineralizations (eg. massive sulfide zinc, lead, zinc and copper, besides magnesiteetalc, ironetitaniumevanadium, iron, chromite and manganese) were generated before the assembly of the Craton. Deposits of chromite, nickel, gold and emerald were produced during the Paleoproterozoic orogenic cycle, when the Craton was amalgamated into the Atlantica paleocontinent. An extension event is recorded in the Neoproterozoic, during the breakup of Rodinia, associated with deposits of phosphorite and uranium. Kimberlite diamond and gold mineralization were generated during the Brasiliano orogenic cycle, coeval with the amalgamation of West Gondwana. A long-lasting and rather uniform crustal stress is recorded in the area during the Cambrian period. Resetting of the isotopic and magnetic systems that affected the Neoproterozoic sediments of the Irecê Basin at about 520 Ma was attributed to the regional-scale fluid migration and mineralization in the aftermath of the Brasiliano orogenic cycle.Ó 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. r e s u m oEste artigo visa estabelecer um quadro tectônico e temporal para caracterizar os processos metalogenéticos que contribuíram para a origem das províncias minerais no setor norte do Cráton São Francisco. Muitas mineralizações arqueanas (por ex. sulfeto maciço de zinco, chumbo, zinco e cobre, além de magnesitaetalco, ferroetitânioevanádio, ferro, cromo e manganês) foram geradas antes da formação do Cráton. Depósitos de cromo, níquel, ouro e esmeralda foram produzidos durante a orogênese paleoproterozóica, quando o cráton foi amalgamado dentro do paleocontinente Atlântica. Um evento extensional é registrado no Neoproterozóico, durante a fragmentação do paleocontinente Rodinia, associado a depósitos de fosforita e urânio. Kimberlitos diamantíferos e mineralizações de ouro foram geradas durante o ciclo orogenético Brasiliano, contemporâneo com a aglutinação do paleocontinente Gondwana Ocidental. Um regime de tensão crustal bastante uniforme e de longa duração foi registrado na região durante o período Cambriano. A reconfiguração dos sistemas isotópico e magnético que afetou os sedimentos neoproterozóicos da bacia de Irecê há cerca de 520 Ma foi atribuída ao evento tectônico de escala regional, à migração de fluidos e mineralização, como consequência do ciclo orogenético Brasiliano.