In this paper, a new constitutive model is proposed for the behavior of thermoplastic polymers under non-isothermal conditions. The model couples linear viscoelasticity and viscoplasticity and thermal eects. It is formulated within the framework of irreversible thermodynamics. The total strain is the sum of viscoelastic, viscoplastic and thermal strains. General hereditary integrals describe the thermo-viscoelastic response. The viscoplastic part accounts for both isotropic and kinematic hardenings. The stress-strain response and the material self-heating are predicted and compared to experimental data on Polyamide 66 (PA66) and Polypropylene (PP). Good agreement between the numerical simulations and experimental data was obtained for the two materials.
Long-term predictions of material properties such as stiffness and creep resistance are important in many engineering applications and require high reliability and accuracy. This is especially true for polymer materials and their composites as their viscoelastic nature results in timedependent material behaviour and any measurement uncertainties or errors amplify in longterm predictions. To measure this behaviour at smallest loadings, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) is frequently declared as an ideal method. However, the measurement accuracy and repeatability of this method is strongly influenced by (i) the testing fixture and corresponding loading mode, (ii) the sample preparation and (iii) the plotting scale to interpret the test results. In this study, relevant experimental parameters were found for DMA and a proper procedure was designed, which was then applied to measure the viscoelastic behaviour of a highly temperature and creep resistant thermoplastic polymer (polyethersulfone) and of a highly graphite filled polypropylene composite. In combination with finite element simulations and in-situ strain measurements by digital image correlation (DIC), the main influences on measurement accuracy of three-point-bending DMA were identified and subsequently used to determine measurement guidelines. Using these guidelines, DMA measurements allow
For the prediction of long term behavior several methods are known. This paper focuses on creep in dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and in a tensile setup. The investigated material was Polyamide 6 (PA6). As a pre-study for the DMA, Polypropylene (PP) was tested considering five different factors. To determine the significant influences, the results were interpreted statistically.
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