In this paper a new approach to image segmentation was discussed. A model based on a data mining algorithm set on a pixel level of an image was introduced and implemented to solve the task of identification of craquelure and retouch traces in digital images of artworks. Both craquelure and retouch identification are important steps in art restoration process. Since the main goal is to classify and understand the cause of damage, as well as to forecast its further enlargement, a proper tool for a precise detection of the damaged area is needed. However, the complex nature of the pattern is a reason why a simple, universal detection algorithm is not always possible to be implemented. Algorithms presented in this work apply mining structures which depend of expandable set of attributes forming a feature vector, and thus offer an elastic structure for analysis. The result obtained by our method in craquelure segmentation was improved comparing to the results achieved by mathematical morphology methods, which was confirmed by a qualitative analysis.
Content based image retrieval (CBIR) has been a subject of exploration in digital humanities since 1990's (Gudivada 1995). Various descriptors were implemented to represent shape, texture and colour content of the image as sequences of numerical values (Zhang & Lu 2004, Veltkamp, Latecki 2006, Zha & Yang 2010). At the same time similarity measures and learning algorithms were designed to enable efficient image classification and retrieval (LeCun 1998). The issue, however, remains in a simple question: which descriptor and which similarity measure best reflects the human perception of similarity of visual objects? And is this the same one, that best responds to the ground truth in a retrieval query? In this paper, we move for a while away from the very technical issues of shape descriptors definition and verification and we focus on the question how visualisation of the computed data affects the final result of a visual query. We are replacing a traditional, linear presentation of n most similar outputs to a set of graph-like and scatterplot based visualisation modes. The research study is performed on a particular example of visual search in large databases of historical watermarks, trademarks and monograms. We believe, that the approach to search across a digital print room repository involving intuitive user interaction is a step toward fully making use of its potential. We state, that a modern interface, that allows the end user an intuitive navigation through options and partial results is a milestone on the way to fill a technological gap between users familiar with image processing issues and with computer science background and those for whom obtaining an answer for a particular research question is worth more, than understanding how the result was actually computed. Finally, we proof the concept with a proposition of a shape descriptor followed by a set of flexible interfaces designed to display and navigate through the results of a visual query.
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