Cel pracyOcena poziomu wymiarów osobowości nerwicowej w grupie chorych na nadciśnienie tętnicze w porównaniu do osób zdrowych. Weryfikacja stopnia zależności między ogólnym wynikiem osobowości nerwicowej a satysfakcją z życia oraz tendencją do zauważania i przywiązywania wagi do pozytywnych aspektów życia, doświadczeń i samego siebie wśród grupy klinicznej.MetodaKwestionariusz Osobowości Nerwicowej (KON-2006) autorstwa Aleksandrowicza, Klasy, Sobańskiego i Stolarskiej (2007), Skala Satysfakcji z Życia (SWLS) autorstwa Dienera i wsp. oraz Skala P autorstwa Caprary (2009).WynikiOsoby z nadciśnieniem tętniczym (N=81) wyróżniają się istotnie wyższym poziomem dwudziestu (z puli dwudziestu czterech) wymiarów osobowości nerwicowej aniżeli osoby bez nadciśnienia tętniczego z grupy kontrolnej (N=88). Istnieje negatywna korelacja pomiędzy ogólnym wynikiem osobowości nerwicowej a satysfakcją z życia i oceną pozytywnych aspektów życia.WnioskiPoziom osobowości nerwicowej wiąże się z oceną satysfakcji z życia. Badanie własne wskazuje kierunek ewentualnych modyfikacji z postępowaniu terapeutycznym, nastawionym na poprawę zadowolenia z życia pacjentów. Badanie własne wzbogaca wiedzę z zakresu psychospołecznych aspektów funkcjonowania osób chorych, oraz wyznacza kierunki pracy multidyscyplinarnych zespołów nastawionych na poprawę jakości życia osób chorych.

The aim of the study was to measure whether people at increased risk for eating disorders (EDs) and people without an increased risk of EDs differ from each other in the assessment of family functioning (FF) and self-esteem (SE) dimensions. Moreover, the correlations between FF, EDs, and SE were verified, looking for the mediating role of SE in the context of the FF and EDs. The research was conducted on the group of 160 people aged from 18 to 47 years, including 74 people at increased risk for EDs. We used: The Family APGAR (Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve); The SCOFF Questionnaire; The Multidimensional Self-Esteem Inventory, MSEI. Analyses indicate that the compared groups differ significantly in terms of EDs, assessment of FF, and all components of SE, in such a way that people without an increased risk of EDs are characterized by a more positive assessment of FF and higher SE in all its dimensions. All SE dimensions, except defensive high SE, are mediators in the relationship of FF with EDs. In therapeutic interactions, it is worth focusing on the SE dimensions, as they are one of the mediation elements in the relationship between the assessment of FF and EDs.

Purpose: To evaluate the level of sexual satisfaction and self-esteem of people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Additionally, the relationship between these two features and the acceptance of the disease was analysed. Methods: The following were used: Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS, adaptation by Juczyński), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (SES, adaptation by Dzwonkowska, et al.), The Scale of Sexual Satisfaction (SSS by Nomejko), The Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and original questionnaire on sociodemographic data. Results: No statistically significant differences in the level of self-esteem and sexual satisfaction among MS patients and healthy individuals were found. Verification of the relationships between variables showed a moderate negative correlation between the level of acceptance of illness and disability, and moderate positive correlation between the level of self-esteem and the level of sexual satisfaction. The level of disability of people with MS is the determinant of the acceptance of illness. Conclusions: The study shows new opportunities for exploring issues related to the process of adaptation and acceptance of MS as a chronic disease. Efforts should be made to raise self-esteem of MS patients and attention should be paid to the problem of sexuality in patients with MS, because the role of these features increases as the disease progresses, more and more determining their quality of life.

The literature on the subject identifies chronic disease as a stressor which imposes new adaptive tasks on patients and requires them to change their lifestyle. Therefore, the issues of disease assessment and adaptation to illness, based on individual knowledge of the disease and subjective appraisal of its influence on day-to-day functioning, are becoming increasingly important. In the present article, the appraisal of disease significance is to be understood as a dynamic effect of subjective assessment of one’s own life situation due to chronic disease. The aim of the analysis was validation of the relationship between the basic sociodemographic factors and the appraisal of the significance of a chronic disease among patients with RRMS and diabetes type 2, as well as verification whether these two diseases show any differences in terms of appraisal of their significance in opinion of the patients. In order to verify the hypotheses, The Disease-Related Appraisals Scale, and original scorecard designed to obtain sociodemographic data were used. The analysis was conducted on 118 patients with RRMS and 61 patients with diabetes type 2. The results show a statistically significant relationship between education level and the appraisal of disease significance considered as benefit and injustice among the two groups of patients. Additionally, in the group of patients with diabetes type 2, the aforementioned relationship was also found for appraisal of disease significance considered as a threat. Moreover, it was found that the analysed groups show significant differences in terms of recognition of the disease as an obstacle/loss. Diagnostic assessment of disease significance sets the direction and methods of therapeutic intervention provided, with the primary aim of improving the quality of life of patients suffering from a chronic disease.

Quality of hair has long been a major element of self-image, influencing one's convictions regarding beauty and physical attractiveness. Even the smallest disorders in this area have a negative effect on people's well-being and general mood, which in turn contributes to a decreased self-esteem and quality of life. This is accompanied by unpleasant emotions such as embarrassment, shame, anxiety, apprehension and fear of being scrutinised by other people, and in a long-term perspective -phobias, psychosomatic diseases, as well as depressive, alexithymic, and obsessive-compulsive disorders [1][2][3].We decided to assess shame and self-esteem as well as identify relationships between these two in men suffering from androgenic alopecia.The study was performed in two stages. First, in consultation with physicians, a list of 35 most shameful diseases was compiled. Following an initial research study involving 314 persons, a short list of 10 diseases was established, which were subsequently assessed by 219 persons by means of a scale ranging from 1 to 10 (from the lowest to the highest level of shame) [4]. The second stage of the study additionally involved 39 androgenic alopecia men aged from 19 to 66 (M = 35.8). The male patients filled in the originally developed survey comprising 6 half-open questions based on the several-year medical and psychotherapeutic experience of the research team. Moreover, the patients filled in the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES) [5]. The study was approved by the Committee for Bioethics of the Poznan University of Medical Sciences (200/16).

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IntroductionOnline psychotherapy is a form of work that is becoming more and more popular. Public health problems, such as COVID-19, forced mental health professionals and patients to incorporate new methodologies such as the use of electronic media and internet to provide follow-up, treatment and also supervision. The aim of this study was to investigate which factors shape the therapists’ attitudes toward online psychotherapy during a pandemic taking into account: (1) attitudes toward the COVID-19 pandemic (fear of contagion, pandemic fatigue, etc.), (2) personal characteristics of the psychotherapists (age, gender, feeling of efficacy, anxiety, depression, etc.), and (3) characteristics of the psychotherapeutic practice (guideline procedure, client age group, professional experience, etc).Materials and methodsStudy participants were 177 psychotherapists from four European countries: Poland (n = 48), Germany (n = 44), Sweden (n = 49), and Portugal (n = 36). Data were collected by means of an individual online survey through the original questionnaire and the standardized scales: a modified version of the Attitudes toward Psychological Online Interventions Scale (APOI), Fear of Contagion by COVID-19 Scale (FCS COVID-19), Pandemic Fatigue Scale (PFS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Social Support Questionnaire (F-SozU K-14), and the Sense of Efficiency Test (SET).ResultsDeterminants that impacted psychotherapists’ attitudes toward online therapy were: COVID-19 belief in prevention—keeping distance and hand disinfection, pandemic behavioral fatigue, previous online therapy experience (including voice call), working with youth and adults. Our study showed that belief in the sense of prevention in the form of taking care of hand disinfection before the session, pandemic behavioral fatigue and experience in working with adults were significant predictors of negative attitudes of therapists toward online psychological interventions. On the other hand, belief in the sense of prevention in the form of keeping distance during the session had a positive effect on general attitudes toward therapy conducted via the internet.DiscussionThe online therapy boom during the COVID-19 pandemic has spawned a powerful tool for psychotherapists. More research in this area and training of psychotherapists are needed for online psychological interventions to become an effective therapy format that is accepted by patients and therapists alike.

The main aim of the study was to analyse the cross-reference between individualised means of experiencing a disease (assessment of its signifi cance), as determined by the level of disability and selected psychosocial factors, and the period of life of patients with Multiple Sclerosis. The following were used in the study: Disease-Related Appraisals Scale, Generalized Self-Effi cacy Scale, Expanded Disability Status Scale EDSS and the original questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics. The study showed that patients with a chronic disease show a statistically signifi cant differentiation in terms of the meaning attributed to disease as the benefi t and obstacle. Moreover, the age of the patients under study also shows differentiation with respect to the signifi cance of particular factors for the means of experiencing the disease (assessment of its signifi cance). The fi ndings obtained in the course of the present study indicate the importance of unique and typical determinants of functioning of patients with Multiple Sclerosis, as well as point to the signifi cance of the factor of age which should be taken into account in the work of interdisciplinary teams providing care to this population of patients.