The committee continue to notes the relative paucity of data concerning frail older persons and draw attention to knowledge gaps in this area.

The in-depth exploration led to an understanding of the basis for continence care practices that centre on cleaning, containing and concealing residents' incontinence in some nursing homes. There is a need to review the quality of education for the aged care workforce about incontinence to ensure it equips them with a broad understanding of the fundamentals of care and how to enact dignity in continence care through a resident-centred approach.

Caring for someone with dementia is burdensome and challenging. In Australia, respite services help carers to cope with these demands. In this descriptive study, 62 carers of people with dementia provided information on their use of respite care, its effectiveness and their satisfaction with services provided during the preceding 12 months. Results indicated that carers used day centre, in-home, residential, regular outings and cottage care. The main reasons for use were to assist with managing care, take a break, or attend to health problems. Although 78% of carers rated respite as beneficial to their care recipients, most suggested areas that required attention. Improvements included the need for more time and flexibility, better quality and more permanent staff, improved communication, bureaucracy, administration and affordability. Respite providers need to recognize these limitations and develop strategies to improve the delivery of diverse respite care for carers of people with dementia.

This study provides insights into the ways in which tacit beliefs and values about incontinence, cleanliness and contamination may affect the social organisation and delivery of care in long-term aged care facilities. Nurse leaders should challenge the stigma and devaluation of carework and careworkers, and reframe carework as 'dignity work'.