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Bidirectional communication occurs between neuroendocrine and immune systems through the action of various cytokines. Responses to various inflammatory mediators include increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), notably, superoxide anion (02) and nitric oxide (N0). Neurotoxicity mediated by N0 may result from the reaction of N0 with 02, leading to formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO-). ROS are highly toxic, potentially contributing to extensive neuronal damage. We, therefore, evaluated the effects of a vari~ty of inflammatory mediators on the regulation of mRNA levels for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in primary cultures of rat neuronal and glial cells. To determine age-dependent variation of mRNA expression, we used glial cells derived from newborn, 3-, 21-, and 95-day-old rat brains. lnterleukin-i /3, interferon-y (IFN-y), bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and tumor necrosis factor-a showed significant induction of MnSOD in both glial and neuronal cells. However, only LPS and IFN-y increased 1NOS mRNA. These data demonstrate that these two genes are similarly regulated in two cells of the nervous system, further suggesting that the oxidative state of a cell may dictate a neurotoxic or neuroprotective outcome. Key Words: Superoxide dismutase-Inducible nitric oxide synthase-mRNA-Gene regulation-Neurons-Glia-Rat.

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