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The benchmark problem presented in this paper deals with the leaching of calcium from hardened cement paste. The leaching of calcium results in the dissolution of the cement minerals which affects physical, chemical and mechanical properties of porous cement matrix.

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The Supercontainer design is the preferred option for the underground disposal of high level nuclear waste in Belgium. It consists of a carbon steel overpack surrounded by a thick concrete buffer. In this high alkaline environment and under normal conditions (without the ingress of aggressive species), the carbon steel overpack will be protected by a passive oxide film, which is believed to result in very low uniform corrosion rates. The backbone of the RD&D strategy, which aims to provide confidence that the integrity of the overpack will be maintained at least during the thermal phase, is based on demonstrating that each localised corrosion mechanism (e.g. pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking), other than uniform corrosion, cannot take place under the high pH conditions prevailing within the Supercontainer (the 'exclusion principle'). This paper gives an overview of the status of the RD&D programme related to the anaerobic uniform corrosion of the carbon steel overpack. The outcome of the modelling efforts simulating the evolution of various parameters (temperature, pH, degree of saturation, corrosion potential and composition of aggressive species) that can potentially influence the corrosion processes, over geological timescales, is addressed.

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