Wp³yw rozwi¹zañ konstrukcyjnych oelimaków uk³adów uplastyczniaj¹cych oraz warunków procesu wyt³aczania na w³aoeciwooeci kompozytu polipropylenowego Streszczenie-Zbadano wp³yw konstrukcji oelimakowych uk³adów uplastyczniaj¹cych i warunków procesu wyt³aczania na w³aoeciwooeci kompozytu polipropylen/nape³niacz mineralny. Stwierdzono, ¿e korzystn¹ efektywnooeci¹ mieszania charakteryzuje siê uk³ad uplastyczniania dwuoelimakowy wspó³-bie¿ny, który umo¿liwia kontrolowanie przebiegu procesu, a dziêki temu uzyskanie takiej samej historii termiczno-mechanicznej poszczególnych cz¹stek mieszaniny. S³owa kluczowe: wyt³aczanie, oelimakowy uk³ad uplastyczniaj¹cy, konfiguracja oelimaków, polipropylen, nape³niacz mineralny, warunki wyt³aczania, w³aoeciwooeci kompozytu. THE EFFECTS OF CONSTRUCTIONAL SOLUTIONS OF PLASTICIZING SCREW CONFIGURATIONS AND EXTRUSION CONDITIONS ON POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITE PROPERTIES Summary-Polypropylene (PP) composites were extruded with various mineral fillers (synthetic microsilica, surface modified chalk, talc, talc-dolomite) (Tables 1 and 2) and with compatibilizer (polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride). Various extruders have been used: single-screw extruder (symbol I) or two types of corotating twin-screw extruders [symbol II (Figs. 1 and 2) and symbol III (Fig. 3)]. The effects of constructional features of the screws of plasticizing systems, especially of corotating twin-screw one, and rotational speed of the screws (n) on the composites properties were investigated (Tables 3-5). Namely, the effects of rotational speed of the screws on the following properties were determined: maximum tensile stress (σM, Fig. 4), Charpy notched impact strength (a cN , Fig. 5), melt flow rate (MFR, Fig. 9), screws' drive energy consumption (Fig. 6), crystallization degree (X) and degree of filler dispergation in PP (Figs. 7 and 8). It was found that corotating twin-screw plasticizing system shows better characteristics of mixing effectiveness than single-screw one. Additionally, corotating twin-screw system makes possible the control of mixing process and this way allows obtaining the same thermo-mechanical history of the particles of the blend. It was observed the composite properties depend both on its composition and the way of introducing to the extruder.
Wspó³czesne technologie i urz¹dzenia do wyt³aczania folii metod¹ wyt³aczania z rozdmuchiwaniem Cz. I. WYT£ACZANIE Z ROZDMUCHIWANIEM FOLII Z TWORZYW POLIMEROWYCH MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND EQUIPMENT FOR BLOWING EXTRU-SION OF THE FILMS. PART I. BLOWING EXTRUSION OF THE FILMS FROM PLASTICS Summary-General characteristics and properties of the plastics used for manufacturing of the films as well as characteristics of the films produced (Table 1) were presented in this review. Basic good points of treelayer PE films in comparison with monolayer film properties were pointed out. Processes of mono-and multilayer films extrusion by either one-stage blowing process (Fig. 1) or two-stage one (Fig. 2) were discussed. The problems concerning film orientation in the extrusion process were additionally presented. Process of orientation leads indeed to the films showing advantageous useful properties but versatility of the equipment use is limited.
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