The societal burden of MBC in the United States is substantial. Earlier detection and effective treatment could lead to a significant decrease in costs while improving overall disease prognosis.
Aims: To evaluate the cost differences between a treatment strategy including tofacitinib (TOFA) vs treatment strategies including adalimumab (ADA), golimumab (GOL), infliximab (IFX), and vedolizumab (VEDO) among all patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) (further stratified by patients naïve/exposed to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors [TNFis]). Materials and methods: An Excel-based decision-analytic model was developed to evaluate costs from the perspective of a third-party US payer over 2 years. Efficacy and safety parameters were taken from prescribing information and published trials. All patients started induction therapy on the first treatment in the strategy and continued if efficacy criteria were met and no major adverse event occurred (in which cases they proceeded to the next treatment in the strategy). Results: The cost per member per month (PMPM) of the TOFA->IFX->VEDO->GOL strategy ($1.11) was lower than that of the ADA->IFX->VEDO->GOL strategy ($1.34; D ¼ $À0.23) among the TNFinaïve population (n ¼ 204 patients out of a plan of one million members). Similarly, the use of TOFA before ADA (i.e. TOFA->ADA->IFX-> VEDO) was also associated with lower PMPM costs than the use of ADA before TOFA (i.e. ADA->TOFA->IFX->VEDO): $1.15 vs $1.25 (D ¼ $À0.10). Similar, and often larger, differences were observed in both the overall moderate-to-severe population and the TNFiexposed population. Sensitivity analyses resulted in the same conclusions. Limitations: Our model relied on efficacy data from prescribing information and published trials, which were not head-to-head and slightly differed with respect to methods. Additionally, our model used representative minor and major ADRs (and the associated costs) to represent toxicity management, which was a simplifying assumption. Conclusions: This analysis, the first of its kind to evaluate TOFA visa -vis other advanced therapies in the US, suggests the early use of TOFA among both TNFi-naïve and TNFi-failure patients results in lower PMPM costs compared with other treatment alternatives.
Naloxegol is likely a cost-effective treatment option for LIR patients with OIC. This assessment should be supported by further work on the utility of patients with OIC, including how utility varies with more granular measures of OIC.
A297 respectively (P< .05 vs placebo). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that PHEN/ TPM ER-enhanced WL is associated with a reduction in annual medication costs vs placebo in patients with MetS.OBJECTIVES: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by exacerbations and remissions. The costs of managing MG are higher than those of many other chronic neurological diseases and there are no studies evaluating the cost-effectiveness of treatment alternatives for refractory MG in patients who failed to respond to at least two successive immunosuppressive drugs. This study aimed to assess the incremental costs and benefits of rituximab, cyclosporine, and tacrolimus in the treatment of refractory MG. METHODS: We used a Markov
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