SummaryFrom laboratory populations (wild/se ; wild/sf ; wild/cd and wild/multichromosomal) originated from strains coming from a cellar and using two culture media, one standard and the other supplemented with 10 p. 100 ethanol, strong heterosis was observed. It has been confirmed that this heterosis cannot be explained by the maintenance of inversions in heterozygosis and that there is a fixation of the F allele in all the populations supplemented with ethanol while all the populations maintained in the standard culture medium remain polymorphic.
SummaryThe inversions of the 3rd chromosome are studied in 2 neighbouring populations of Drosophila melanogaster, one from a cellar habitat, and the other from a vineyard outside.The cellar population shows a lower frequency of chromosomes with inversions than the outside population. In the cellar, the average homozygote viability for inversion-carrying chromosomes is smaller than for inversion-free chromosomes. In the vineyard population there are no differences between the 2 types of chromosomes.
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