The paper analyzes the living space of the battery leasing company in the business model "vehicle and battery separated, battery leasing", and its effected factors such as the battery price, the battery life cycle, the gasoline price, as well as battery type and vehicle type. The results have shown that leasing battery cannot get profit under the current battery price, life-cycle, gasoline price, and the financial subsidies.However, with the decrease of the battery price and the increase of battery cycle life and the gasoline price, the battery leasing company is possible to get the living space. Micro EVs give the battery leasing company an upper bound 10 percent higher than that of the compact EVs in the same situation. To make the living space of the battery leasing company just exist, the financial subsidies should be at least 5000 RMB/kw.h.The application of lead-acid battery will help the battery leasing company gain the living space. The lower bound corresponding to the lead-acid battery is only 23 percent of that corresponding to the li-ion battery.
For PV-storage microgrid system, a reasonable capacity configuration can compensate for the intermittent defects of PV output, thereby improving energy efficiency and reducing system operating costs. However, the degradation of energy storage batteries in PV-storage system will increase the operating costs of the system. Aiming at this problem, this paper takes the PV-storage micro-grid system as the research object, and builds the operating cost model of the PV-storage micro-grid system on the basis of reducing the degradation of the energy storage battery. An optimization method based on reducing the operating cost of the system is proposed, and the optimal capacity configuration of the PV-storage microgrid system is obtained according to the proposed method. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively slow down the degradation of battery and obtain a more reasonable system capacity configuration.
With the increasing of the long range of electric vehicles, the high power charging technology over 250 kw is urgently needed to reduce the charging time and improve the convenience of using. However, high power charging is more obvious about generating heat than conventional power, which will affect the battery's charging efficiency, cycle life, and possibly even safety risks. Aiming at the above problems, two typical LiFePO4(LFP) and Li(NiCoMn)O2(NCM) batteries were selected to study the heat production characteristics of energy-based power cells with large power charging based on model and experiment. It is found that the maximum charging capacity of high power charging is greatly affected by the heat management system. Under the condition of forced-air cooling with over 4c-rate charging, the battery heat generation can make battery temperature over 55 degrees, but the water-cooled heat management system can make the battery work in the rated working temperature interval. Under the condition of more than 3c-rate charging, the model's parameter mismatch is serious and the temperature difference between inside and outside is needed to be correction to applied to the high power charging strategy of electric vehicle on line.
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