Healthy patients with asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss who had received examination of auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were gathered for retrospective analysis. The effects of sex, age and hearing asymmetry on the interaural differences of ipsilateral ABR were determined by multivariant linear regression. Our results showed that the interaural differences of ABR wave III and wave V latencies were significantly affected by hearing asymmetry but not by sex or age. However, in female subjects younger than 50 years, differences of III-V intervals could be negatively correlated with hearing asymmetry. We suggest that plasticity in the auditory brainstem in younger females might account for asymmetrical peripheral hearing in this group.
tions associated with surgery in the head and neck, infections diseases and trauma. The occurrence of this complication after dental extraction is uncommon. METHOD: A case report is presented and the literature reviewed. RESULTS: A twenty-five-year-old man presented to the emergency department complaining of swelling and pain in the face and neck after dental extraction. He had crepitus on cervical palpation without thoracic complaints. Fiberoptic laryngoscopy did not reveal glottic lumen compromise. Computed tomography scan (CT) of the neck showed extensive subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum. The patient remained in observation for dyspnea, dysphagia and potential infectious signs with a favorable outcome. CONCLUSION:The authors present a case of an extensive subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum secondary to dental extraction and discuss the mechanisms, clinical presentations and possible complications. The literature is reviewed. Combined Effect of Sleep Apnea and Age on Blood PressureJiung-Chih Chao, MD (presenter); Yu-Tuan Chang, MD; Cheng-Yu Lin, MD; Jiunn-Liang Wu, MD OBJECTIVE: Epidemiologic studies have shown obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for systemic hypertension. The prevalence of systemic hypertension also increases gradually with age. The purpose of this study was to assess the combined effect of OSA and age on daytime blood pressure. METHOD:Patients who received nocturnal polysomnography (PSG) in Tainan Municipal Hospital were invited between October 2008 and February 2010. Daytime blood pressure was measured at 7 AM soon after the subject completed PSG test. Participants were classified into three groups: Nonapnea (nϭ14, 18%) with RDI Ͻ 5 episodes/ hour; mild to moderate OSA (nϭ34, 43%) with RDI Ͼ 5 and Ͻ 30; severe OSA (nϭ31, 39%) with RDI Ͼ 30. RESULTS: Seventy-nine patients (79/101, 78.2%) (63 males) completed the whole study. The mean of age, severity of OSA (RDI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 40.3 15.4 years, 28.1 26.0 /hour and 132.6 19.7 mmHg, respectively. RDI and age were significant risk factors for SBP (pϽ0.05). For the subjects with nonapnea/ severe OSA, SBP were not significantly related to age. However, SBP became severer when patients were older in the group of mild to moderate OSA (pϭ0.0067). CONCLUSION: This study revealed that age and RDI were risk factors in the development of daytime hypertension. Only for the patients with mild to moderate OSA, SBP was significantly worse when getting older. Comparison of Measures of Nasal Airway in Obstructive Apnea Computer-based Modeling of Outcomes After Nasal SurgerySachin Pawar, MD (presenter); Julia Kimbell, PhD; Guilherme Garcia, PhD; John Rhee, MD, MPH OBJECTIVE: Emerging bioengineering modeling techniques have future applications in optimizing nasal surgery outcomes. The first step towards this goal is to test the hypothesis that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) estimations correlate with patient-reported measures. METHOD: This is a preliminary in-depth analysis of a single pa...
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