Abstract:The study is focused on the question how the need for structure and the Big Five personality traits predict decision making styles in health professionals. The sample included 225 health care professionals from different areas (physicians, nurses, paramedics, emergency link operators). Need for structure was measured by Personal Need for Structure scale, Big Five Traits by Ten Item Personality Inventory, and the decision making styles by Melbou rne Decision Making Questionnaire. The results showed that the best predictor of vigilance was need for structure, while extroversion was a negative predictor of non-vigilant styles. Analysis of interaction showed that neuroticism interacts with need for structure in prediction of non-vigilant decision making styles (hypervigilance, procrastination and buck-passing). Specifically, persons with low neuroticism and low need for structure tend to use more non-vigilant decision making styles in comparison to others.

Abstract:The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between affect regulation styles and decision making in health-care professionals. The authors suppose that emotions and affect regulation are closely connected with decision making in professional situations. 133 health-care professionals participated in the study which employed Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, Measure of Affect Regulation Styles, Multidimensional Health States Scale and subjective measure of decision making effectiveness. Using cluster analysis, the authors derived a typology of four types based on affect regulation strategies and well-being and ill-being variables. The individual types were compared in regard to decision making styles and decision self-efficacy. The results showed that highest subjective effectiveness and vigilance were found in types with high cognitive and behavioral engagement. Low subjective effectiveness with high hypervigilance, buck-passing and procrastination were found in types with low use of all affect regulation strategies, especially when they were connected with higher ill-being.

In spite of a large body of research in the field of emotion regulation, this subject has not yet been studied vigorously in naturalistic settings, especially not in the context of task performance. Therefore, it remains uncertain whether predominant theoretical conceptualizations of emotion regulation (e.g., Gross, 1998) can be applied to this sort of situation. In this qualitative study, we aimed to identify emotion regulation strategies of paramedic crew leaders (n = 30) in a simulated task with a sudden onset of a stressful incident. For this purpose, we analyzed their emotional behavior (i.e., facial expression, voice volume, body posture and movements etc.) on video recorded performance, and their affective states and emotion regulation strategies based on interviews conducted right after the task. Verbal reports were analyzed via phenomenologically-laden template analysis. W e classified emergent strategies into two basic categories: task-related (e.g., attention narrowing, mobilization to action, monitoring) and self-supportive (e.g., emotional distancing, behavioral withdrawal, detachment and selective attention). Results of our analysis suggest that regulatory strategies are largely implemented on an implicit level of processing and their function might be a better criterion for their distinction than a type of mental process.

The below simulation cases were introduced in the 19th International EMS Competition "RALLYE REJVÍZ" which was held in Kouty nad Desnou (Czech Republic) on May 27-31, 2015. The cases were designed by experienced EMS instructors and modelled just as close to actual situations as possible. Each case was performed in a corresponding natural environment (e.g., in forest, at school, in a pub) in Kouty nad Desnou and surrounding communities; trained actors served as patients. Firefighters and the police with their standard equipment were also present in the case they were part of the simulation scenario. Before the competition, EMS crews received a schedule and a map with the locations where the scenes were set. The crews used their own ambulances (fully equipped) for transportation between the scenes. In the main competition, the results of which are reported in this study, the daily tasks were completed on May 29, 2015, and the night tasks in the night from May 29 to 30. Description of the tasks is presented below. Detailed scoring system for each task is presented in Supplemental Digital Content 2. Reproduced with permission from http://rallye-rejviz.com/rallye-rejviz-2015/ BRAVE MAN Case Summary: A biker (man, 25 years) has bumped into tree branches during a downhill ride through the forest and fallen from bike; he has massive hemorrhage from the right side of the neck and from the front area right side of the chest. He has helmet, lies on his left side, is pale, has wet skin, is conscious, answers with latency, is oriented, and dyspneic. Pharmacological anamnesis: negative; allergological anamnesis: NSAID; personal history: negative. Assessment: GCS 4-5-6; SpO2 88%; glycaemia 20.2 mmol/l (363.6 mg/dl); BP 90/50 mmHg; peripheral pulses 120/min; weak radial pulse; capillary refill time 4s; RR 24/min; normal neurological status; breaking contused wound on the right side of the neck with massive bleeding from the vena jugularis externa; deviation of trachea to the left; penetrating injury in right front axillar line in the 3th-4th intercostal space; breath sounds are normal on the left, they are absent on the right; begin subcutaneous emphysema and hyperresonance by percussion; abdomen negative; pelvis fixed; legs without edema; abrasions on the legs and arms.Objectives: Assess the scene; demonstrate a safe approach; take the patient's history (incl. allergological anamnesis); perform a thorough clinical examination; AcBCDE approach; stop bleeding from the v. jugularis externa l. dx.; take off the helmet; put a neck collar; treat the pneumothorax l. dx. by semipermeable dressing or chest drain; treat the evolving hemorrhagic shock and pain; direct the patient to the trauma center optimally by helicopter rescue; recognition of diabetes mellitus. INSTRUCTION FOR PERSONNELEmergency Dispatch Center has received an emergency call from a woman: A man, 25 years old, has fallen from MTB bike in the forest, massive hemorrhage from the neck and the chest, he is conscious, further details not known. Your task:• Assess the scene ...