The relationship between wavefunction (de)localisation and avoided crossing in a quadrupole billiard is analysed. The following three-types of measures are employed for wavefunction (de)localisation: inverse participation ratio, inverse of Rényi entropy, and root-mean-square (RMS) image contrast. All these measures exhibit minimal values at the centre of the avoided crossing, where the wavefunction is maximally delocalised. Our results indicate that these quantities can be sufficient for the indication of wavefunction (de)localisation.
We report a schlieren-style stroboscopic phase-contrast field-amplitude imaging of two-dimensional acoustic whispering gallery modes in a circular shell cavity immersed in liquid. A schlieren signal is combined with a presplit reference beam to enable nonscan field-amplitude imaging. Excitation mechanisms of standing and traveling eigenmodes, respectively, are analyzed with acoustic ray simulations presented in a Poincaré surface of sections. The time evolutions for both standing and traveling eigenmodes are reconstructed using the stroboscopic capability.
We present a practical laser linewidth broadening phenomenon in the viewpoint of high sensitivity of an exceptional point (EP). A stochastic simulation model is implemented to describe the fluctuations in the cavity resonance frequencies. The linewidth originated from external noises are maximized at the EP. The linewidth enhancement factor behaves similarly to the Petermann factor although the Petermann effect is not considered. In the long coherence time limit, the power spectral density of the laser exhibits a splitting in the vicinity of the EP although the cavity eigenfrequencies coalesce at the EP.
2D perovskite’s quantum confinement and superlattices enhance electron and hole recombination which maximizes the photoluminescence quantum efficiency for optical devices. However, only a few works have been reported for biological applications, especially, DNA associated. Contemporary gene-editing science through CRISPR technology is advantageous as all types of nucleic acid chains such as RNA, single-stranded DNA, and double-stranded DNA can be modified. There are numerous reports that base pairs of nucleic acids are nonpolar and 2D perovskites that are capped with aliphatic chains possibly can operate as an optical sensor for detecting a specific sequence of DNA. Here, we demonstrate organic-inorganic halide 2D perovskite’s – capped with eight carbon long aliphatic chains – optical and structural properties. Self-assembly of tin-based perovskites showed near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield but had poor stability in water or ambient condition due to hydrolysis whereas lead-based perovskites showed less PL but were stable in water at high concentration. 2D perovskites’ unique multiple emission peaks at different wavelengths, water stability, and intensity discrepancy when conjugated in nucleoside dispersed solution were studied. However, complex multiple directionalities of PL emission, water stability by concentration, minor PL intensity or wavelength discrepancy, and toxicity followed by the lead source for the perovskites are conflicting with robust and convenient detection technique for the DNA.
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