AbstractThe fifteenth excavation season of the Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga focused on the archaeological exploration of the Palace of Queen Amanishakheto (WBN 100) and rescue excavation of a kom located in the exclave of the archaeological site west of the railway (WBN 1000 and WBN C220).
The nineteenth excavation season of the Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga primarily focused on the continued excavations of the so-called Isis Temple (WBN 300). The main aim was to confirm the assumptions that could have been made about the dimensions and disposition of the temple based on the results of previous excavation seasons. The second, southern, tower of the temple’s pylon was uncovered. Similar to the northern one, it included a side entrance to the temple. Another trench was opened in the back of the temple confirming the position of another corner of the building. Outside the so-called Isis Temple (WBN 300), the works continued in gradual uncovering of structure WBN 250.
The use of Latin in the multilingual society of Roman Egypt was never more than marginal. Yet, as a language of the ruling power, the Roman Empire, Latin enjoyed to some extent a privileged status. It was generally more widely applied in the army, as well as on some official occasions, and in the field of law. Less expectably, various Latin inscriptions on stone had religious contents or were found in sacred spaces and contexts. Such texts included honorary and votive inscriptions, visitors’ graffiti, and funerary inscriptions. All three groups are surveyed and evaluated focusing especially on their actual relation to the religious sphere and social background, noting both continuity and changes of existing practices and traditions. Such analysis of the inscriptions allows to draw conclusions not only regarding the use of Latin in religious matters in Egypt but also reveal some aspects of the use of Latin in Egypt in general and the role of Roman culture in the Egyptian society.
The twenty-second excavation season of the Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga focused on the continued exploration of the so-called Isis Temple (WBN 300). The works covered the south-eastern part of the hypostyle hall (WBN 301), a part of the central vestibule (WBN 302) including its front entrance, the entire southern vestibule (WBN 310), and a large part of the southern corridor (WBN 312). The excavation in the hypostyle hall yielded most notably many fragments of columns and a complete abacus with relief decoration, which allowed for partial reconstruction of their decorative scheme. There were also many pieces of modelled and painted plaster fragments apparently coming from the southern tower of the pylon and depicting King Natakamani and the god Horus. The stone-built entrance from the hypostyle hall to the central vestibule was found to be covered with relief depictions of King Natakamani and Queen Amanitore and Egyptian hieroglyphic texts. The southern vestibule and the southern corridor were recognised to have had painted decoration, which was especially well preserved in the southern corridor. Besides the paintings, a stairway leading to the roof of the building and a later burial of a non-adult individual were located there as well.
AbstractDuring its seventeenth excavation season, the Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga continued with the exploration of the so-called Palace of Queen Amanishakheto at Wad Ben Naga (WBN 100), as well as with the excavation and protection of the kom located behind the rail track. During the season, the complex of the so-called Isis Temple at Wad Ben Naga (WBN 300) began to be explored. Based on the previous magnetometric survey, a Meroitic kiosk (WBN 390) was unearthed and documented.
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