Borophene sheets have been synthesized in recent experiments, but the metallic nature and structural instability of the sheets seriously prevent emerging applications. Hydrogenated borophene has been predicted as an ideal material for nanoelectronic applications due to its high stability as well as excellent electronic and mechanical properties. However, the fabrication of hydrogenated borophene is still a great challenge. Here, we demonstrate that hydrogenated borophenes in large quantities can be prepared without any metal substrates by a stepwise in‐situ thermal decomposition of sodium borohydride under hydrogen as the carrier gas. The borophenes with good crystallinity exhibit superior stability in strong acid or base solvents. The structure of the grown borophene is in good agreement with the predicted semiconducting α‐boron sheet. A fabricated borophene‐based memory device shows a high ON/OFF‐current ratio of 3×103 and a low operating voltage of less than 0.35 V as well as good stability.

Zero-dimensional boron structures have always been the focus of theoretical research owing to their abundant phase structures and special properties. Boron clusters have been reported extensively by combining structure searching theories and photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) experiments; however, crystalline boron quantum dots (BQDs) have rarely been reported. Here, we report the preparation of large-scale and uniform crystalline semiconductor BQDs from the expanded bulk boron powders via a facile and efficient probe ultrasonic approach in the acetonitrile solution. The obtained BQDs have 2.46 nm average lateral size and 2.81 nm thickness. Optical measurements demonstrate that a strong quantum confinement effect occurs in the BQDs, implying the increase of the band gap from 1.80 eV for the corresponding bulk to 2.46 eV for the BQDs. By injecting the BQDs into poly­(vinylpyrrolidone) as an active layer, a BQD-based memory device is fabricated that shows a rewriteable nonvolatile memory effect with a low transition voltage of down to 0.5 V and a high on/off switching ratio of 103 as well as a good stability.

Borophenes (2D boron sheets) have triggered a surge of interest both theoretically and experimentally because of its distinct structural, optical and electronic properties for extensive potential applications. Although theoretical efforts have guided the research directions of borophene, only few synthetic borophene sheets have been demonstrated experimentally. Borophene sheets have been successfully synthesized experimentally on metal substrates until 2015. Afterwards, more efforts were put on the controlled synthesis of crystalline and semiconducting borophene sheets as well as on the investigation of their novel and fascinating physical properties. This report provides a brief review on theoretical and experimental progress in borophene research. Some typical structures and properties of borophenes have been reviewed. The focus is laid on summarizing the experimental synthesis of borophene in recent years, and on showing some ultrastable and semiconducting borophenes which have been applied in electronic information devices. Finally, the future challenges and opportunities regarding experimental realization and practical applications of borophenes are presented.

Borophene sheets have been synthesized in recent experiments, but the metallic nature and structural instability of the sheets seriously prevent emerging applications. Hydrogenated borophene has been predicted as an ideal material for nanoelectronic applications due to its high stability as well as excellent electronic and mechanical properties. However, the fabrication of hydrogenated borophene is still a great challenge. Here, we demonstrate that hydrogenated borophenes in large quantities can be prepared without any metal substrates by a stepwise in‐situ thermal decomposition of sodium borohydride under hydrogen as the carrier gas. The borophenes with good crystallinity exhibit superior stability in strong acid or base solvents. The structure of the grown borophene is in good agreement with the predicted semiconducting α‐boron sheet. A fabricated borophene‐based memory device shows a high ON/OFF‐current ratio of 3×103 and a low operating voltage of less than 0.35 V as well as good stability.

Borophene has attracted extensive interests owing to its distinct structural, electronic and optical properties for promising potential applications. However, the structural instability and need of metal substrate for deposition of borophene seriously restrict the ex-ploration of its exceptional physical and chemical properties and further hamper its extensive applications towards high-performance electronic and optoelectronic devices. Here, we reported the synthesis of high-quality freestanding α-rhombohedral borophene nanosheets by a facile probe ultrasonic approach in different organic solvents. The results show that the nanosheets have high quality in ethanol solution and have an average lateral size of 0.54 μm and a thickness of around 1.2 nm. Photolumines-cence spectra indicate that a strong quantum confinement effect occurs in the nanosheets, which caused the increase of the bandgap from 1.80 eV for boron powders and 2.52 eV for the nanosheets s. A nonvolatile memory device based on the nanosheets mixed with polyvinylpyrrolidone was fabricated, which exhibited a good rewriteable nonvolatile memory behavior and good sta-bility.