So-called confinement effects at the interface of nanomaterials could spring up unique properties in catalytical activities and optical amplifiers. There is apparently no good reason to disregard confinement effect-amplified chemiluminescence (CL). In this work, confinement effects were first introduced into CL field using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) bilayer aggregates confined at the interface of the CTAB-carbon dots, which were prepared by one-step microwave irradiation using glycerol as carbon source in the presence of CTAB. Interestingly, it was found that the CTAB bilayer confined at the interface of carbon dots can amplify H2O2 induced ultraweak CL emissions, such as the Co(II)-triggered Fenton-like reaction, the peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) system, and the peroxymonocarbonate (HCO4(-)) system. The study of fluorescent properties of the as-prepared CTAB-carbon dots and the comparison with the CL efficiency of their analogues indicated that the CTAB bilayer confined in carbon dots could act as a special micelle microenvironment, helping the access of reactive intermediates to the central carbon core. Our findings opened up new possibilities in confinement-enhanced CL emissions.
We present a locating technique for inorganic materials in polymer-matrix composites through a post-labeling approach based on specific covalent binding.
The uniform dispersion of silica fillers or other neutral fillers in the polymer matrix is significant for fabricating high-performance polymer-based composites. However, there is a long-standing challenge to provide a comprehensive, wide-area and real 3D distribution map to achieve direct visualization for the dispersion state of neutral silica. Herein, we propose a novel strategy for modifying silica fillers with commercial fluorophores to form fluorescent fillers in a standard manner. Through fluorescence imaging technology, we successfully observed the 2D-planar and 3D-spatial dispersion states of silica fillers in the polymer matrix. This success not only provides a visualized evaluation method for the spatial dispersion of an oxide filler, but also offers great potential in the further establishment of industrialized standards for the polymer-based composite industry.
Injectable hydrogels have recently emerged as alternatives to sutures for various clinical indications. However, existing injectable hydrogels are unsuitable for hemostasis in minimally invasive surgery because of their weak interfacial adhesion and complex/prolonged processing. Herein, a superwetting injectable hydrogel composed of oppositely charged polysaccharides is developed. The spontaneous spreading of the injectable hydrogel on the surfaces achieves complete wetting and forms tight interfacial contact by absorbing the interfacial water. The superwetting ability and subsequent covalent crosslinking perform fast and ultrastrong wet adhesion (140 kPa) on the tissue surface. Ex vivo porcine and in vivo rat models show that the hydrogel successfully leads to the aggregation of erythrocytes for targeted hemostasis (in less than 12 s) without requiring external adjuncts, and no postsurgical adhesions to the peripheral tissues. This further demonstrates that hydrogel can act as an effective hemostasis agent in laparoscopic surgery in a rabbit model. Overall, the strong wet adhesion, antibacterial properties, and easy operability make this injectable hydrogel a promising candidate for hemostasis applications, as it can successfully combine clinical efficacy and transformation opportunities for minimally invasive surgery.
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