A marine actinomycete Streptomyces rubrolavendulae M56 isolated from the sediments of Bay of Bengal and displaying biogranulation property was used for the study. The strain showed antagonistic property against vibrios, the opportunistic pathogens in aquaculture. The efficacy of the biogranules of actinomycete M56 in competitive exclusion of Vibrio spp. was tested both in vitro and in vivo. Streptomyces rubrolavendulae M56 biogranules could significantly exclude the pathogenic Vibrio spp. in co-culture experiments (in vitro). In vivo exclusion of Vibrio spp. in a Penaeus monodon postlarval rearing system was evaluated by treatment of the rearing water with biogranules of S. rubrolavendulae M56. The experiments proved that S. rubrolavendulae M56 biogranules could reduce the pathogenic Vibrio spp., while maintaining total heterotrophic bacterial count. Therefore, the actinomycete biogranules (M56) can be used as a promising alternative to antibiotics in the shrimp larval production system which is often affected by vibriosis.
A new paramicrolaimid nematode, Paramicrolaimus damodarani sp. nov., is described based on specimens from the continental shelf (95 m) of the south eastern Arabian Sea. Paramicrolaimus damodarani sp. nov. differs from other known species of the genus in having a smaller body size, form of the spicular apparatus, presence of 7 cuticularised protruding precloacal supplements and a strongly cuticularised terminal spinneret. This is the first record of the genus Paramicrolaimus from the northern Indian Ocean. A pictorial key to the four species of Paramicrolaimus is also provided, supplemented with comparative characters, based on published information.
A novel species of nematode belonging to the family Xyalidae is described from the continental margin of the southeastern Arabian Sea (1100 m). The new species, Scaptrella filicaudata sp. nov., is differentiated from the existing species by the swan-shaped longer spicule (45 μm), gubernaculum with dorsocaudally directed apophysis and long filiform tapering tail. A pictorial key to all the valid species of Scaptrella Cobb, 1917 is provided.
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