Following the events of September 11, 2001, in the United States, world public awareness for possible terrorist attacks on water supply systems has increased dramatically. Among the different threats for a water distribution system, the most difficult to address is a deliberate chemical or biological contaminant injection, due to both the uncertainty of the type of injected contaminant and its consequences, and the uncertainty of the time and location of the injection. An online contaminant monitoring system is considered as a major opportunity to protect against the impacts of a deliberate contaminant intrusion. However, although optimization models and solution algorithms have been developed for locating sensors, little is known about how these design algorithms compare to the efforts of
The purpose of this
study was to fabricate a low-immunogenicity
fish collagen (FC) and bioactive nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) enhanced
poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanofibrous membrane
for guided bone regeneration (GBR) via electrospinning. The physicochemical
properties and morphology study revealed that FC and n-HA particles
were homogeneously dispersed in the PLGA fibrous matrix. Notably,
the formation of enhanced polymeric chain network due to the interaction
between FC and PLGA significantly improved the tensile strength of
the PLGA membrane. The incorporation of FC altered the degradation
behavior of fibers and accelerated the degradation rate of the PLGA-based
membranes. Moreover, the membranes exhibited favorable cytocompatibility
with bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and human gingiva fibroblasts
(HGF) cells. More importantly, the optimized membrane satisfied the
requirements of the ‘Biological evaluation of medical devices’
during the incipient biosafety evaluation. All the results indicate
that this composite fibrous membrane exhibits significant potential
for guided bone or tissue regeneration.
The study suggests a principle for future design and application of bone scaffolds that must have a relatively stable osteogenic space and scaffold interface, or have a degradation speed slower than the time of bone reconstruction completion.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.