Lan-gan region, one of traditional agricultural production base in northern Anhui Province, East China, has rare hydrochemical reports on the formation mechanism and irrigation assessment of the Quaternary deeper confined groundwater aquifer. To better master hydrochemical characteristics, solute source, and irrigation properties, twenty-five water samples were collected from the individual digging well. Gibbs diagram, Piper diagram, ionic ratio, and multivariate statistical analysis were carried out to delineate the hydrochemical facies and water-rock interactions. Meanwhile, the USSL and Wilcox diagram, and the irrigation water quality indices were conducted to illustrate the suitability for irrigation. The results indicate that the order is Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ >K+ and HCO3− > SO42− > Cl− for cations and anions, respectively. Ca-HCO3 is the main hydrochemical type. Water-rock interactions include silicate weathering, carbonate dissolution, halite dissolution and sulfate dissolution. Based on EC value, the majority of the samples are permissible for irrigation, whereas only 12% of the samples were found good for irrigation. The RSC, SAR, and %Na, combined with Wilcox diagram and USSL diagram, demonstrate that the groundwater samples are permissible for irrigation purpose.
Groundwater is the main water source for humans and plays an important role in health and food production. To understand the hydrogeochemical characteristics and quality of shallow groundwater in rural areas of Suzhou, Anhui Province, China, 32 groups of shallow groundwater samples were collected. The results of the study showed that the nature of the groundwater is slightly alkaline. The order of abundance of cations is Ca2+ > K+ + Na+ > Mg2+, whereas that of anions is HCO3− > Cl− > SO42−. The main hydrochemical types are HCO3-Ca, HCO3-Mg, and HCO3-Na. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope abundances indicated that shallow groundwater recharge in the study area is due to precipitation and is affected by evaporation. The ion ratio analysis suggested that the ions in the shallow groundwater originate from the weathering of silicate minerals and the dissolution of carbonate and sulphate minerals, accompanied by different degrees of ion exchange. Water quality evaluation indicated that the water is good and can be used directly as agricultural irrigation water.
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