In this work, a double-layer nitrogen-doped microporous hollow carbon@MoS/MoO nanosphere (NCs@MoS/MoO) is prepared via a facile method utilizing Mo-mediated in situ growth on polyaniline-coated polystyrene spheres and carbonization process. Because of its unique structure, the as-obtained NCs@MoS/MoO exhibits a high specific capacitance (569 F g at 1 A g) and excellent rate performance (54.8% capacitance retention) from 1 A g (569 F g) to 20 A g (312 F g) when directly used as a supercapacitor electrode. In a two-electrode system, it exhibits 81% capacitance retention and 91.4% Coulombic efficiency even after 5000 cycles at 5 A g. Therefore, the prepared NCs@MoS/MoO shows to be an outstanding material for supercapacitor electrodes.

For the first time, hierarchical S-doped porous carbon was fabricated using sodium lignosulfonate as a carbon and sulfur precursor through a simple template technique. , excellent rate performance with 73% capacitance retention after a current density increasing from 0.5 to 20 A g À1 and cycling stability, with 97% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles.Additionally, a symmetric supercapacitor based on S-PC-L-900 delivers a high energy density (6.9 W h kg À1) at 50 W kg À1.

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