In this paper we propose an original approach to the evaluation of test suites for embedded system testing, where the implementation under test (IUT) is embedded in a composite system as a component module. We define a coverage measure based on the identification of the IUT within the test context with respect to observational equivalence at the composite system level. The problem of limited IUT controllability and observability caused by the test context is handled when computing the coverage. The approach is purely functional and only assumes a general fault model where the number of states in the IUT is upper bounded. A tool has been developed and an example is given to illustrate and validate the approach.
Family harmony is an important part of social stability and harmony. Facing the rapid growth of divorce disputes, how to hear the cases quickly and fairly is an urgent matter to be solved. Based on judgment documents from courts located in Southwest of China, this paper studies how to evaluate and predict whether or not a case should be divorced. These documents are characterized by their unbalance and sparsity; besides that, most of variables are bearing with missing value. We propose a feasible method that shows high accuracy on both training and testing datasets. Concisely, oversampling and “clustering” are exploited to data pre-preparation, and recursive feature elimination is applied to deal with variables selection. In this paper we combined Random Forest and XGboost to derive a more feasible and precise model that achieves ninety percent of accuracy.
In this paper, we present two new results on the properties of the coverage measure for embedded testing as proposed in [10], and an application of the measure to a practical protocol. First, we identify and prove the sufficient and necessary condition for loops to exist between the test context and the test tree being constructed. This allows us to avoid producing infinite test trees during test tree construction. Then we prove that the calculation of the coverage measure is NP-complete, which indicates that there unlikely exist efficient algorithms to compute the coverage in general. Finally, in order to demonstrate the concept and practicality of the coverage measure, we developed a tool set and applied it to a practical protocol extracted from the Universal Personal Computing system.
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