Low-cost, non-noble-metal electrocatalysts are required for direct methanol fuel cells,b ut their development has been hindered by limited activity,high onset potential, low conductivity,a nd poor durability.Asurface electronic structure tuning strategy is presented, which involves doping of aforeign oxophilic post-transition metal onto transition metal aerogels to achieve an on-noble-metal aerogel Ni 97 Bi 3 with unprecedented electrocatalytic activity and durability in methanol oxidation. Trace amounts of Bi are atomically dispersed on the surface of the Ni 97 Bi 3 aerogel, which leads to an optimum shift of the d-band center of Ni, large compressive strain of Bi, and greatly increased conductivity of the aerogel. The electrocatalyst is endowed with abundant active sites, efficient electron and mass transfer,r esistance to CO poisoning, and outstanding performance in methanol oxidation. This work sheds light on the design of high-performance non-noblemetal electrocatalysts.

Insufficient catalytic activity and stability and high cost are the barriers for Pt‐based electrocatalysts in wide practical applications. Herein, a hierarchically porous PtNi nanoframe/N‐doped graphene aerogel (PtNiNF‐NGA) electrocatalyst with outstanding performance toward methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in acid electrolyte has been developed via facile tert‐butanol‐assisted structure reconfiguration. The ensemble of high‐alloying‐degree‐modulated electronic structure and correspondingly the optimum MOR reaction pathway, the structure superiorities of hierarchical porosity, thin edges, Pt‐rich corners, and the anchoring effect of the NGA, endow the PtNiNF‐NGA with both prominent electrocatalytic activity and stability. The mass and specific activity (1647 mA mgPt−1, 3.8 mA cm−2) of the PtNiNF‐NGA are 5.8 and 7.8 times higher than those of commercial Pt/C. It exhibits exceptional stability under a 5‐hour chronoamperometry test and 2200‐cycle cyclic voltammetry scanning.

Objective: To investigate the expression of special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1), and the relationship between SATB1 and clinicopathological factors of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Methods: Real-time PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze 80 samples of LSCC and 25 samples of control mucosa. The relationship between SATB1 expression and clinicopathological parameters was evaluated. Results: The SATB1 mRNA expression levels in LSCC were 2.5- to 7.5-fold higher than those in control mucosa tissues (p < 0.001). SATB1 protein expression was detected in approximately 66% (53 out of 80) of the LSCC specimens, whereas it was below the detection limit in all the control mucosa specimens (p < 0.001). The SATB1 mRNA levels in positive cervical lymph nodes, in clinical stages III and IV with poor/moderate cell differentiation, were significantly higher than those in negative cervical lymph nodes in clinical stage II with high cell differentiation (p = 0.022, p = 0.005 and p = 0.006, respectively). Conclusions: SATB1 mRNA and protein levels are elevated in LSCC tissues, and their levels are correlated with clinical stages and differentiation status. The current findings suggest that SATB1 may be a useful marker for the prognosis and assessment of therapeutic effects.

Dental care is consistently reported as one of the primary medical needs of children with disabilities (IDC). The aim of the present study was to explore the influence of oral health behaviors on the caries experience in children with intellectual disabilities in Guangzhou, China. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 477 intellectually disabled children, 12 to 17 years old, who were randomly selected from special educational schools in Guangzhou. A self-administered parental questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and oral health behavior variables, and 450 valid questionnaires were returned. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the factors associated with dental caries. The average age of those in the sample was 14.6 years (SD = 1.3), 68.4% of whom were male, and the caries prevalence rate was 53.5% (DMFT = 1.5 ± 2.0). The factors significantly affecting the development of dental caries in IDC included gender, the presence or absence of cerebral palsy, and the frequency of dental visits and toothbrushing. In conclusion, the presence of cerebral palsy contributed to an increase risk of caries experience in intellectually disabled children, while toothbrushing more than twice a day and routine dental visits were caries-protective factors. Oral health promotion action may lead to a reduction in dental caries levels in IDC.