This study examines the role of cognitive and affective destination-image components in the formation of destination preferences from a multialternative/multiattribute perspective. In addition, the study examines the stability of those roles across three types of destinations. A total of 1,020 Taichung residents in Taiwan were administered an on-site questionnaire. The results indicated that cognitive and affective components of overall destination image influence tourists' destination preferences and that cognitive image impacts affective image. However, the importance of the two image components varied across natural, developed, and theme-park destinations. In addition, the findings confirmed that while some image attributes are universally important, other attributes are only important for specific types of destinations. Implications for theory, practice, and future research are provided.

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Purpose -The paper aims to differentiate the differences of both night market experience and image between temporary residents and foreign visitors in Taiwan and to explore the relationship between experience and image. Design/methodology/approach -Night market experiences comprise the dimensions of Schmitt's experiential marketing theory and night market image is analyzed by exploratory factor analysis. This research probes the socio-demographics differences of experience and image between temporary residents and foreign visitors. Canonical analysis explores the experience-image relationships. Findings -Some socio-demographics have relativity differences in night market experiences and images. Visitors have stronger thinking experience than temporary residents. Temporary residents have stronger image in atmosphere, while foreign visitors have general stronger images than temporary residents. Canonical analysis shows that visitors have stronger relationships between experience and image than temporary residents. Practical implications -Marketing organizations must develop marketing strategies specific to cultural background and the length of residence of its specific visitors. Originality/value -The paper provides the evidence showing that familiarity and novelty-seeking would be of particular importance to examine whether experience and image are equally applicable to the various foreign visitors.

Data and information were collected through site surveys to the four pilot cities. Policy design and effectiveness in four cities were comparatively analyzed. Well-designed policy increases market response, energy savings and EMC adoption. Lighting is the most common retrofit while envelope is the least common one. Subsidy incentive is greatest for educational buildings due to the utility tariff.

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The ventilation modalities in most Chinese residences are infiltration and opening windows. We measured infiltration rates and air change rates at night, with no attempt to change occupants' behaviors, of urban residences in five climate zones of China during four seasons. Using the CO 2 decay method, we found the median infiltration rate for 294 residences to be 0.34 h −1 . Using occupant-generated CO 2 as tracer gas, we determined air change rates over the course of 1 year in 46 bedrooms at night from mass balance considerations. In 54% of the measurements, windows were closed, so ventilation was only by infiltration. Windows were mainly closed when the outdoor temperature was below 15°C and above 26°C. The median infiltration rates did not differ appreciably among seasons and climate zones and were always less than 0.45 h −1 .