As
oil and/or gas exploration and production enter deeper water, the
flow assurance confronts challenges, one of which is the hydrate formation
and blockage. Investigations about gas hydrate formation and hydrate
slurry flow in a multiphase transportation system were performed on
a newly constructed high-pressure experimental loop. On the basis
of the experimental hydrate formation data, an inward and outward
hydrate shell model was improved to predict the gas consumed amount
during the hydrate formation process. With the help of a focused beam
reflectance measurement and particle video microscope installed in
this flow loop, the distribution of hydrate particles was observed,
characterized in the coalescence and fragmentation. A “minimum
safety flow rate” was first addressed for the safety of hydrate
slurry flow in a multiphase transportation system. Then, the comparisons
between our experimental data of the natural gas hydrate slurry flow
pattern and the Mandhane flow pattern map revealed the influence of
hydrate particles on the flow pattern of the slurry. Furthermore,
the influence of the gas/liquid superficial velocity on the pressure
drop was discussed at stratified flow for this gas hydrate slurry
multiphase system.
The natural gas pipeline from Platform QK18-1 in the southwest of Bohai Bay to the onshore processing facility is a subsea wet gas pipeline exposed to high pressure and low temperature management of the subsea pipeline.
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