BackgroundOptic neuritis (ON) is one of the common manifestations both in neuromyelitis-optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and in multiple sclerosis (MS).ObjectivesThe objective of this paper is to compare clinical presentations, laboratories and imaging findings in ON associated with MS and NMOSD.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed in patients presenting with ON in 59 NMOSD patients with 72 eyes’ involvement and 163 ON attacks, and 20 MS patients with 23 eyes’ involvement and 36 ON attacks.ResultsON-NMOSD patients had recurrent ON more often and tended to have simultaneous bilateral ON involvement at their first ON attack. Individuals with ON-NMOSD revealed worse visual acuity at first ON attacks and also had poorer long-term visual outcome than those with ON-MS, with nearly half of ON-NMOSD patients still having LogMAR visual acuity ≥1 at their last follow-up (p = 0.035). Significant thinner average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was found in the ON-NMOSD group. We found no significant differences in segmentation location of the optic nerve lesions and the length of involvement between the two groups.ConclusionsIt was difficult to completely differentiate ON-NMOSD from ON-MS. ON-NMOSD patients, however, tended to have simultaneous bilateral ON involvement and poorer long-term visual outcome than individuals with ON-MS.

A 38-year-old woman presented with gradually progressive difficulty walking and frequent falls since the age of 2 years. At the age of 20 years, her gait was markedly unstable, and her speech was slurred. Finally, she became wheelchairbound at the age of 28 years. Consanguinity was presented at the level of her paternal grandparents, but no family members were affected with neurological diseases. The ethnicity of the patient and her family were Thai. She and her family were originated from Cerebellar dysfunctions, including saccadic pursuit, hypermetric saccades, horizontal and vertical gaze-evoked nystagmus, scanning speech, finger dysmetria, and wide-based ataxic gait as well as spastic gait were presented (Video 1). Scleral telangiectasia, Kayser-Fleischer rings, oculomotor apraxia, and vertical supranuclear gaze palsy were not presented. Funduscopic examination showed hypermyelinated nerve fibers radiating from the optic disc (Figure 1A). Other neurological examination revealed normal cognitions and motor system

No abstract