Malignant glioma, the most common form of primary brain tumor, is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, owing to the lack of response shown by patients to conventional therapies. Additional therapeutic targets and effective treatment options for these patients are therefore required. In the present study, a possible association of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) with malignant glioma was evaluated. Initially, semi-quantitative and quantitative analysis of the expression levels of TXNIP in clinical specimens of primary glioma was performed via immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively, and expression levels were further correlated to the overall survival time of the patients. The proliferative, migratory and invasive properties of the glioblastoma U251 cell line, engineered to downregulate TXNIP by lentiviral transfection of a specific short hairpin RNA, were evaluated by means of in vitro assays. Consequently, IHC and RT-qPCR analysis revealed a negative association between the expression level of TXNIP and the histopathological grade of the tumor. Higher TXNIP expression level was associated with extended patient survival time. In vitro analysis revealed increased growth, migration and invasion in U251 cells with downregulated TXNIP expression compared with their non-transfected counterparts. These findings strongly indicate that TXNIP functions as a tumor suppressor in malignant glioma cells and underscore its potential as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic indicator of the condition.
Clinical studies have shown that SBI can happen in only a few hours to a few days after the primary injury (18). On the way to the hospital, about 37% of patients with severe craniocerebral injury were complicated by hypoxemia events and more than one-third of patients in pre-hospital emergency had experienced at least one of the SBI-induced factors, with an increased death rate (7). Even in the intensive care unit, 25% of patients with severe brain injury showed SBI-induced factors, such as hypotension (5). Patients with severe brain injury were found to have a change in intracranial pressure. Through the regulation and control of the intracranial perfusion pressure, it was found that maintaining effective oxygen content in brain █ INTRODUCTIONResearches on traumatic craniocerebral injury, a disorder with a high incidence of morbidity and mortality, have positive social and clinical value. In 1978, Miller, a neurosurgeon in University of Edinburgh, UK, first put forward the concept of secondary brain injury (SBI). After primary brain injury, the abnormal changes of blood pressure, body temperature, intracranial pressure, cerebral blood flow and cerebral perfusion pressure could cause secondary brain injury to aggravate the primary brain injury and traumatic brain edema, resulting in increased mortality rate and disability rate and decreased quality of life in patients with brain injury (15). AIM:To investigate the variation and significance of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in brain tissue after secondary brain injury (SBI) with seawater immersion in rats. MATERIAL and METHODS:We randomly divided 163 male Sprague Dawley rats into 4 groups, as normal (Group A), SBI (Group B), SBI with physiological saline immersion (Group C) and SBI with seawater immersion (Group D) groups. The animal model of ischemic SBI with seawater immersion was established based on the Marmarou's model of diffuse brain injury. The water content, and the MDA and SOD contents of brain tissue were detected at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after the injury. RESULTS:Compared to group A, there were significant changes of various indicators in group D after injury at 1 hour after injury (P < 0.05). The water content and MDA contents in brain tissue were persistently elevated and significantly higher than that in groups B and C at each time phase (P < 0.05). The SOD content showed a persistent decline and was significantly lower than that in groups B and C at each time phase (P < 0.05). The SOD content was negatively correlated with the MDA content with a correlation coefficient of -0.992 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION:The SBI with seawater immersion is faster and more serious than the simple SBI.
The present study analyzed a case of immature teratoma in the posterior cranial fossa of an infant and compared the clinical data with the associated literature. Ventricular drainage was initially performed upon the patient’s admission to the hospital. Following adequate pre-operative preparations, the tumor in the posterior cranial fossa was resected on the third day. No significant neurological function deficiency was observed following the surgery and no recurrence was noted within an 18-month follow-up period. In such cases, treatment should be conducted in a stepwise manner, with the hydrocephalus relieved first, followed by complete tumor resection subsequent to full preparation. Post-operative chemotherapy was not performed by conventional means as the infant was too weak, therefore, periodic reviews and long-term follow-up were required.
AIm:The current study aims to explore the clinical characteristics of craniocerebral firearm injury and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. mAterIAl and methOds: Data from 56 patients with craniocerebral firearm injury were analyzed retrospectively for projectile types, traumatic conditions, and treatment approaches.results: 43 patients exhibited intracranial foreign body residence. Of them, 40 were subjected to complete foreign body removal and 2 to partial removal, leaving 1 without receiving removal treatment. 54 patients (96.4%) survived and 2 (3.6%) died. Of the survivors, 36 (64.3%) recovered well, 15 (26.8%) were moderately disabled, 2 (3.6%) were severely disabled, and 1 (1.8%) lapsed into vegetative state. Patients receiving debridement within 8 h after injury had a significantly higher recovery rate than those receiving such treatment after 8 h (82.1% vs. 26.7%; P < 0.001).COnClusIOn: Craniocerebral firearm injury is characterized by rapid traumatic condition development as well as serious trauma and contamination. Accurately judging the traumatic condition and the ballistic tract, performing complete debridement as early as possible, reasonably deciding on the operative mode and approach for intracranial residing foreign body removal, and increasing vigilance regarding concomitant injuries are the keys to the improvement of the overall treatment of craniocerebral firearm injury. KeywOrds: Craniocerebral injury, Firearm injury, Surgery ÖZAmAÇ: Mevcut çalışma kraniyoserebral ateşli silah yaralanmasının klinik özelliklerini incelemeyi ve böyle bir durumun tanı ve tedavisini geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. yÖntem ve GereÇler: Kraniyoserebral ateşli silah yaralanması olan 56 hastanın verileri projektil tipleri, travmatik durumlar ve tedavi yaklaşımları açısından retrospektif olarak incelendi.BulGulAr: 43 hastada intrakraniyal yabancı cisim vardı. Bunlar içinde 40'ında yabancı cisim tamamen çıkarılırken 2'sinde kısmen çıkarıldı ve 1 hastada çıkarma için işlem yapılmadı. 54 hasta (%96,4) yaşadı ve 2 hasta (%3,6) öldü. Yaşayanlar içinde 36'sı (%64,3) iyi iyileşti, 15'i (%26,8) orta derecede engelli kaldı, 2'si (%3,6) şiddetli engelli kaldı ve 1'i (%1,8) vejetatif duruma girdi. Yaralanmadan sonraki 8 saat içinde debridman yapılan hastalarda iyileşme oranı bu tedavinin 8 saatten sonra yapıldığı hastalara göre çok daha iyiydi (%82,1 vs. %26,7; P < 0.001).sOnuÇ: Kraniyoserebral ateşli silah yaralanması hızlı travmatik durum gelişmesi ve ayrıca ciddi travma ve kontaminasyonla ilişkilidir. Travmatik durumu ve balistik yolu doğru olarak belirlemek, mümkün olduğunca erken dönemde tam debridman yapmak, operatif mod ve intrakraniyal kalmış yabancı cismin çıkarılmasına yaklaşıma makul bir şekilde karar vermek ve eş zamanlı yaralanmalar açısından dikkatli olmak kraniyoserebral ateşli silah yaralanmalarında genel tedavi düzeyini arttırmanın temelleridir.AnAhtAr sÖZCÜKler: Kraniyoserebral yaralanma, Ateşli silah yaralanması, Cerrahi
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