We present an approach for accurate glucose sensing in turbid media using a spectrally resolved reflectance setup. Our proposed reflectance setup uses specialized sourcedetector separations (SDSs) to enable an effective separation of diffusion and absorption signals. Additionally, we adjust the selected SDSs to their optimal values to acquire maximum sensitivity to glucose in the two signals. The separation can help to enhance the sensitivity to glucose both for the diffusion and absorption signals, as they always suppress each other by causing opposite effects on the reflected diffuse light intensity. Monte Carlo simulations and experiments for glucose sensing are used to test the method. The acquired optimal SDSs could provide a reference for noninvasive blood glucose sensing.

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In optical noninvasive glucose detection, how to detect the glucose-caused signals from the constant human variations and disturbed probing conditions is always the biggest challenge. Developing effective measurement strategies is essential to realize the detection. A NIR spectroscopy-based strategy is studied to effectively solve the in vivo measurement issues, obtaining clean blood glucose-caused signals. Two solutions composing our strategy are applied to the NIR spectroscopy-based measurement system to acquire clean raw signals in the data collection. Which are: a customized high signal-to-noise ratio multi-ring InGaAs detector is introduced to reduce the influences of human variations; a fixing and aiming method are introduced to reproduce a consistent measurement condition. 17 cases of glucose tolerance test (GTT) on healthy and diabetic volunteers are conducted to validate the strategy. Human experiment results clearly show that the expected blood glucose changes have been detected at 1550 nm. The average correlation coefficient of the 17 cases of GTT between light signal and glucose reference reaches 0.84. The proposed measurement strategy is verified feasible for the glucose detecting in vivo. The strategy provides references to further studies and product developments for the NIR spectroscopy-based glucose measurement, and references to other optical measurements in vivo.