Cisplatin is a member of platinum-containing anti-cancer drugs that causes cross-linking of DNA and ultimately cancer cell apoptosis. The therapeutic function of cisplatin on various types of cancers has been widely reported but the side effects have been discovered together and nephrotoxicity has been regarded as major side effect of cisplatin. To select candidates for new sensitive nephrotoxicity biomarker, we performed proteomic analysis using 2-DE/MALDI-TOF-MS followed by cisplatin treatment in human kidney cell line, HK-2 cells, and compared the results to the gene profi le from microarray composed of genes changed in expression by cisplatin from formerly reported article. Annexin A5 has been selected to be the most potential candidate and it has been identifi ed using Western blot, RT-PCR and cell viability assay whether annexin A5 is available to be a sensitive nephrotoxic biomarker. Treatment with cisplatin on HK-2 cells caused the increase of annexin A5 expression in protein and mRNA levels. Overexpression of annexin A5 blocked HK-2 cell proliferation, indicating correlation between annexin A5 and renal cell toxicity. Taken together, these results suggest the possibility of annexin A5 as a new biomarker for cisplatin-mediated nephrotoxicity.
Steroid sulfatase (STS) is responsible for the hydrolysis of aryl and alkyl steroid sulfates and has a pivotal role in regulating the formation of biologically active estrogens. STS may be considered a new promising drug target for treating estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism of STS expression is not well-known. To investigate whether tumor necrosis factor (
Digital textile printing has become one of the most important manufacturing processes for mass customization of clothing goods, especially for shortrun prints. In this method, high color strength and fastness are very important. In this study, the optimization of the printing process was investigated using the Taguchi method. To determine the optimum conditions for color strength and fastness, two types of multiple characteristic parameter design methods were used, including the single characteristic value conversion method and the minimum-maximum selection method. Both methods suggested better conditions than currently used methods. MULTIPLE-CHARACTERISTIC PARAMETER DESIGN Definition of Characteristic Parameters In this study, color strength and fastness were chosen for characteristic values. Color strength was defined as apparent color intensity and measured by the X-Rite 8200 color measurement system (X-Rite Inc., USA) according to ISO7724/1-1984.
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