The effect of sulfate ions on the corrosion behavior of steel in ordinary Portland concrete (OPC) and high performance concrete (HPC) were investigated. Steel corrosion was evaluated by means of corrosion potential (Ecorr), linear polarization resistance (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic polarization (CP). The electrochemical results indicated that, compared to the pure chloride solution, the presence of sulfate ions in the chloride solution both reduced the time to corrosion initiation and lead to an increase in corrosion rate of steel in OPC specimens; however, the sulfate ions had negligible effect in HPC specimens. Furthermore, the corrosion rate of steel exposed to chloride solution was higher that to the sulfate solution both in OPC and HPC specimens.
A detailed investigation has been carried out to clarify the effect of porosity on steel corrosion in cement-based materials. Corrosion behaviours of steel were studied by means of corrosion potential, linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), while the porosity of cover zone cement-based materials were investigated by evaporative water method (EWM) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The results highlight that the corrosion parameters of steel are strongly related with porosity of cement-based materials. A linear relationship between porosity and corrosion rate of steel has been established which is in good agreement with the principle that the diffusion of chloride ions through porous cementitious materials may accelerate the anodic reaction of steel corrosion as well as oxygen diffusion for the cathodic reaction simultaneously.
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