To improve the seed purity management system of Korean wheat cultivars, 50 Korean wheat cultivars were subjected to chemical assays for grain color, genotyping of grain weight-related genes, and grain image analysis. The tested cultivars were primarily classified by NaOH and ninhydrin tests as white (26%) and red (74%) cultivars, as well as high PPO activity (48%), and low PPO activity (52%) cultivars, respectively. The allelic variations of Tamyb10 gene revealed Tamyb-A1a/Tamyb-B1a/Tamyb-D1a as the major allelic combination in white wheat and five different Tamyb10 genotypes (i.e., aba, abb, baa, bba, and bbb) in red wheat. Those cultivars with high PPO activity possessed the Ppo-A1a/Ppo-B1b/Ppo-D1b genotype, while those with low PPO activity possessed the Ppo-A1b/Ppo-B1a/Ppo-D1a genotype. In the grain image analysis, long grain cultivars displayed increased grain width, circularity, and area. Based on cluster analysis of grain traits, the Korean wheat cultivars were classified into two groups -1) large red grain cultivars released before 2000, and 2) small red grain cultivars and white wheat cultivars released after 2000. Further research is required to determine the effects of grain filling conditions on the grain characteristics of Korean wheat cultivars and to develop efficient and reliable molecular markers for an improved seed purity management system.
The aim of this study was to present a new case of congenital Herlyn–Werner–Wunderlich syndrome, a rare anomaly of the female reproductive tract, and review the related literature. A 12-year-old girl presented with severe dysmenorrhea since menarche and magnetic resonance imaging showing a bicornuate uterus, double cervix, right hematometra, and hematosalpinx with ipsilateral renal agenesis, accompanied by a remnant distal ureter with hydroureter. A diagnostic cystoscopy and a reduced-port robot-assisted laparoscopy with chromopertubation were performed in order to identify the anomaly. Uterine didelphys and right cervical dysgenesis with ipsilateral vaginal agenesis, cervical distal ureteral remnant fistula, ureterocele, and renal agenesis were diagnosed on the basis of histopathologic findings, and she subsequently underwent a robotic unilateral right total hysterectomy with salpingectomy. This case report reinforces the importance of the intraoperative biopsy for an accurate diagnosis, despite magnetic resonance imaging being considered the gold-standard diagnostic tool.
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