Online learning has emerged as a widely used learning mode and will likely supplement traditional learning in the post-pandemic era. The purpose of this study is to present student voices of online school education by investigating students’ online learning experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in various contexts, and explain why the impacts are important to student learning and well-being. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with nine students from China, Lebanon, and the United States to gain direct insight into students’ perceptions of each country. The results showed that the online learning environment provided at the national level, such as social conflicts, and the facilities provided at the individual level, such as information access, increase the educational inequity. High-school students experienced numerous psychological changes and encountered academic cheating issues in the home online-learning environment. We recommend that online school education should make significant improvements in pedagogy, students’ mental health, and learning assessment, and consider factors beyond technology solutions.
El presente artículo presenta una revisión de la literatura y de la evidencia empírica basada en estudios de evaluación de impacto (ensayos de control aleatorios) sobre la importancia del rol directivo escolar para la mejora educativa. Dado el pequeño número de estudios, aún existen muchas preguntas por responder, por lo que la finalidad de este documento es contribuir a la reflexión y al diálogo sobre el papel del director escolar y sobre cómo fortalecer su capacidad para que desempeñe sus funciones. Se parte de la premisa de que la política de capacitar a los directores de colegios se justifica al entender que el director es el segundo factor que mayor incidencia tiene sobre los aprendizajes de los estudiantes. De esta manera, al fortalecer la capacidad de estos actores se lograrían mejoras en el proceso educativo, en los aprendizajes y en la calidad de la educación. La literatura sobre este tema es escandalosamente escasa, en particular cuando se trata de estudios que permitan establecer atribución. Es recomendable, por lo tanto, que se fomenten más estudios que permitan identificar los factores más efectivos en mejorar la calidad de los directores de escuelas y de los resultados de calidad entre los alumnos de las mismas.
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