Here a novel technique was employed to fabricated three-dimensionally porous polystyrene (PS) films via ultrasound assisted template method. In contrast to spin-coated thin film, different morphologies appeared on the films prepared by casting PS/toluene solution on glass substrates. By varying either systematic parameters or intrinsic parameters, surface structures changed from two-dimension flat pores to three-dimension sponge pores. The influences of ultrasonic intensity, frequency, irradiation time, film thickness and toluene content in water bath on surface morphologies were extensively studied. Scanning electron microscopy and white-light confocal microscopy showed that PS casted films with thickness of 200μm have a higher porosity and lower surface roughness within micrometer range. The contact angle measurement indicated slight changes of surface hydrophilicity with toluene content in water bath. Suitable toluene content favored multilayer formation of PS film and led to monodisperse pore distribution analyzed by ImageJ.
Here a simple method was developed to fabricate hydrophilic Polyethersulphone film via a sol-gel process. The correspondent hydrophilicity was evaluated by infrared spectral analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the contact angle measurement, atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope analysis, respectively. Both FTIR and XPS analysis indicated that the film surfaces have a relatively dense sol layer, which favors to become hydrophilic. AFM analysis demonstrated that the higher hydrophilicity was mainly attributed to the surface roughness, while SEM images show that the micro/nanometer crater-like protrusions appears on the film surfaces, whereas the spongy structures & the finger-like structures appear in cortex and intermediate layer respectively. This leads to the hydrophilic film forming after film being treated by sol-gel method.
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