No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

The quality of transmitted voice is an important means of gauging performance of voice equipment and services. Such quality information has traditionally been provided by human listeners. Due to time and dollar costs of conducting listener tests, the need for automatic "objective" assessment techniques is growing rapidly. This paper reviews the status of objective voice quality technology, including four newer techniques being considered by CCITT. Recent performance tests based on a low bit-rate codec speech database are presented. Finally, the relative reliability and accuracy of objective and subjective techniques is discussed and compared.