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The dimensions and mass determined in this study should be considered for improving smartphone design grip comfort and attractiveness.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of display curvature and hand length on smartphone usability, which was assessed in terms of grip comfort, immersive feeling, typing performance, and overall satisfaction. A total of 20 younger individuals with the mean (SD) age of 20.8 (2.4) yrs were divided into three hand-size groups (small: 8, medium: 6, large: 6). Two smartphones of the same size were used – one with a flat display and the other with a side-edge curved display. Three tasks (watching video, calling, and texting) were used to evaluate smartphone usability. The smartphones were used in a landscape mode for the first task, and in a portrait mode for the other two. The flat display smartphone provided higher grip comfort during calling (p = 0.008) and texting (p = 0.006) and higher overall satisfaction (p = 0.0002) than the curved display smartphone. The principal component regression (adjusted R2 = 0.49) of overall satisfaction on three principal components comprised of the remaining measures showed that the first principal component on grip comfort was more important than the other two on watching experience and texting performance. It is thus necessary to carefully consider the effect of display curvature on grip comfort when applying curved displays to hand-held devices such as smartphones.

The current study examined the effects of display curvature and lateral viewing position on spatial presence and image quality for 55" TVs. We considered four curvature-radii (2300mm, 4000mm, 6000mm, and flat) and five lateral viewing positions P1-P5 (0mm, 350mm, 700mm, 1050mm, and 1400mm from the center position). Viewing distances were fixed at 4000mm. A total of 56 participants (14 individuals per display curvature) watched 5-min video footages, each time at a randomly selected position. Spatial presence (SP) was reported on the ITC Sense of Presence Inventory (ITC-SOPI), and perceived image quality (IQ) on the Single Stimulus Continuous Quality Evaluation (SSCQE). Of all curvature × position conditions, P1 at the 4000mm curvature provided the highest SP. Across curvatures, SPs were higher at P1 and P2 than at any other viewing positions, and IQs were higher at P1 than at P3, P4, or P5. Under the assumption that one-to-five viewer conditions are equally important, the 4000mm curvature is likely to provide the highest SP, and the flat condition the highest IQ. Under an additional assumption that SP and IQ are equally important, the 4000mm curvature is likely to be the best for the one-to-four-viewer conditions, while the 6000mm curvature is for the five-viewer condition.

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