Collaborative governance plays a critical role in guiding the whole supply chain to achieve its strategic goals. Today's tremendously changing and competitive business environment imposes a significant challenge for firms to sustain a balance between their self-interest and the required interdependency existed among them within a supply chain. Built upon the extensive literature on the supply chain management, this paper theorizes and proposes a Sustainable Collaborative Governance Framework detailing adaptive decision-making and action mechanisms throughout supply chain lifecycle that will enable the whole supply chain proactively and resiliently respond to uncertainties or perturbations without undergoing significant changes to firms' normal operations. The framework extends the understanding and practice of the sustainable supply chain management by focusing on its dynamic, elastic, holistic, uncertainty-handling and future-oriented characteristics.

The sustainability of live commerce is closely dependent on the impulse buying behavior of consumers because of its live characters compared to the traditional e-commerce mode. Hunger marketing is a widely adopted mode in live commerce, however, the influencing factors on impulse buying behavior of consumers under the mode of hunger marketing in live commerce is currently lacking. Here, based on SOR theory, we carefully studied how external stimulus variables (anchor characteristics, online comments, logistics service quality, promotion incentive information, and promotional time limit) affected consumers’ impulse buying behavior under the inner mechanism reaction factors (perceived trust and perceived value). By collecting questionnaires from 533 Chinese online consumers, we processed these data using SPSS23.0 and analyzed them using the structural equation model (SEM) generated by AMOS 25.0. The results showed that extrinsic stimulus variables (except for the promotional time limit variable) have significant positive effects on impulse buying behavior through partial or total positive effects on intrinsic mechanisms. We analyzed the reasons for all these results in detail, and thought the reason that the promotional time limit did not have a significant impact on the perceived value might be due to the rapid increase in the frequency of live commerce. Moreover, we also put forward the suggestions on the basis of these influencing factors to improve the sustainable development of live commerce.

This paper investigates the horizontal Nash game and structure selection strategy in two competing dominant enterprises. Each firm decides whether to outsource the retail or manufacture to the exclusive third-party enterprise and thus forms a decentralized supply chain structure. On the premise that third-party enterprises have no advantage on sales and manufacture cost, the revenue-sharing contract is introduced between the manufacturer and retailer, and the influence of decentralized structure on the game equilibrium structure and supply chain profit is analyzed based on Hotelling model. The results show that, when compared with centralized structure, decentralized supply chain has the structural advantage to improving not only its supply chain profits but also the competing chain. This interesting insight is counterintuitive to the common "double marginalization" effect and explains the outsourcing strategy from the perspective of supply chain competition. In addition, we find the dominant strategy in the evolutionary game is that both two chains are decentralized or integrated.

Regional innovation is very important for the sustainable development of regional economies. Innovation development between regions is not independent, and there is spatial correlation in innovation spillover. This paper uses the total amount of regional patent authorization as the measure of regional innovation and uses network analysis to study the spatial relationships among different regions. An unstructured vector autoregressive model is established to determine whether there is an association between any two regions, the causal relationship between which is tested by a Granger causality test. Having established the spatial network relationship, network analysis is used to further analyze the overall characteristics of the network, the individual characteristics of the network, and the block model of the network. We find that the provinces are closely related regarding regional innovation spillovers. However, the spatial correlation between the provinces differs greatly. Also, there is an obvious hierarchy between blocks that have different orientations and functions. Finally, the relationship between the interior of each block differs greatly in closeness degree.

In today’s complex market competition environment, a high quality and high level of service plays a critical role in obtaining and maintaining long-term sustainable competitive advantage for enterprises and supply chains. Considering the service negative spillover effect, this paper investigates the horizontal Stackelberg competition and optimal service decision in two competing manufacturer-led supply chains. Four competitive structure models are constructed and the corresponding equilibrium solutions are obtained. By comparing the equilibrium results of four different structures, it is found that the service negative spillover effect and competition between supply chains have negative incentive effect on service providers and their supply chains. However, the chain-to-chain competition will benefit the supply chain that does not provide services from free-riding effect, which will be intensified with the intensification of competition. In addition, from the perspective of supply chain network and externality, we find that when the structure of one supply chain remains fixed and the other changes from centralized to decentralized, there will be a “double marginalization” effect. At the same time, the structural change from centralized to decentralized has certain “altruism”, that is, positive network externality, so as to improve the rival’s performance significantly.

Regional innovation is of great significance to the sustainable development of a regional economy. However, there exists a disequilibrium development of output of regional innovation in China, which affects the imbalance of regional economic development to a certain extent. In order to explore the process and mechanism of the disequilibrium development in regional innovation, a new perspective is adopted in this paper to analyze the index of R&D (research and development) personnel, which is an important input element of regional innovation output. The regional samples, including 31 provinces in China, are divided into three parts: eastern region, central region, and western region. First, developing the tendency and speed of the disequilibrium of regional innovation output are analyzed by using σ convergent model and β convergent model, respectively, during the period of analyzing the process of the disequilibrium development. Then, the LMDI (logarithmic mean Divisia index) method is used to analyze the character of regional innovation output by using R&D personnel as an important endogenous factor during the period of analyzing the mechanism of the disequilibrium development. At last, we draw the conclusion of the study. We find that: (i) there is a gap in the absolute amount between regions in a long term, but the gap between regions is shrinking and the speed of catching up between regions is different; (ii) the efficiency of R&D personnel is the most positive effect of promoting equilibrium.

Excellent service plays a vital role in the sustainability of enterprise and supply chains development in today's increasingly fierce market competition. However, due to the inevitable spillover effect in the competitive network, enterprises' initiative to improve the service level is reduced. From the perspective of negative spillover effect, optimization and decision-making in the competitive network of retailer-dominated supply chain are examined in this study. Considering four competitive situations in practical operation management, the corresponding double-layer compound nested Stackelberg game models are constructed, and the optimal equilibrium solutions are derived. Employing comprehensive comparison and analysis of the results, it is found that when the negative spillover effect of service increases, the optimal profit and service level of the leading supply chain or its retailers decrease, and the optimal retail price and overall optimal profit also gradually decline. For the leading supply chain, the centralized decision-making can achieve higher profits, and also more willing to improve the level of service. However, for the following supply chain, when the negative spillover effect of service is weak, the optimal service level under decentralized decision is higher, while when the spillover effect of service is strong, the optimal service level under integrated decision is higher. In addition, the supply chain-to-chain competition can bring negative incentives to the retailer that provides services, while for the rival that does not provide services, it can generate a certain free-riding effect that benefits them, and the effect is enhanced with the increase of competition.

To explore the optimal mechanism of emergency supply chain collaboration when an epidemic crisis occurs, we construct a tripartite evolutionary game model of emergency collaboration among the government, the retailer, and the supplier to explore the interaction of primary strategies and the impact of critical parameters on the evolution and stability of the system. We conduct simulation analysis based on the actual situation of China’s emergency supply chain development. The research results show that in the recognition period of the crisis, the government participates in emergency supervision and the retailer participates in emergency collaboration, but the supplier does not participate in emergency collaboration. However, in the containment period of the crisis, the government increases penalties, provides appropriate emergency subsidies, and improves the efficiency of emergency supervision, which are conducive to promoting the supplier’s participation in emergency collaboration. In the recovery period of the crisis, as the benefits of both the retailer and the supplier participation in emergency collaboration increase, the government will withdraw from emergency supervision gradually. Moreover, the weaker the risk of supply chain enterprises participating in emergency collaboration, the more reasonable the distribution of the collaboration benefits, and the more conducive to the spontaneous emergency collaboration of the retailer and the supplier.