Stem cell-and tumor-derived organoids are highly promising models of developmental biology and disease modeling. The construction of an organoid requires three elements, namely the seeding cell, culture medium, and matrix. Seeding cells include mainly embryonic stem cells (ESC), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and tumor-derived cells. Culture media vary depending on the signatures and organizational characteristics and genotypes of
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